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Long non-coding RNAs involved in retinoblastoma

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Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Introduction

Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common childhood tumor that can occur in the retina and develop in a sporadic or heritable form. Although various traditional treatment options have been used for patients with RB, identifying novel strategies for childhood cancers is necessary.

Material and methods

Recently, molecular-based targeted therapies have opened a greater therapeutic window for RB. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) presented a potential role as a biomarker for the detection of RB in various stages.

Conclusion

LncRNAs by targeting several miRNA/transcription factors play critical roles in the stimulation or suppression of RB. In this review, we summarized recent progress on the functions of tumor suppressors or oncogenes lncRNAs in RB.

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Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

AFAP1-AS1:

Actin filament-associated protein 1 antisense RNA 1

ANRIL:

Antisense non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus

ATAD2:

ATPase family AAA domain-containing 2

ADPGK-AS1:

Adenosine diphosphate-dependent glucokinase antisense RNA 1

BDNF:

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor

BDNF-AS:

LncRNA brain-derived neurotrophic factor antisense

BANCR:

BRAF-activated non-coding RNA

BMI1:

Lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1

CBR3:

Carbonyl reductase 3

ceRNAs:

Competitive endogenous RNAs

CASC9:

Cancer susceptibility candidate 9

CANT1:

CASC15-new-transcript 1

CCAT1:

Colon cancer-associated transcript 1

CXCR4:

C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4

DKK1:

Dickkopf-1

DFS:

Disease-free survival

DANCR:

Differentiation antagonizing non-protein coding RNA

EPHB2:

Eph receptor B2

E2F3:

E2F transcription factor 3

FTX:

Five prime to Xist

FEZF1-AS1:

FEZ family zinc finger 1 antisense RNA 1

FOXD2-AS1:

FOXD2 adjacent opposite strand RNA 1

HEIH:

High expression in hepatocellular carcinoma

HCP5:

HLA complex P5

HDAC9:

Histone deacetylase 9

HOTTIP:

HOXA transcript at the distal tip

HDAC:

Histone deacetylase

HOXA11-AS:

Homeobox A11 antisense RNA

HIF-1α:

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α

H6PD:

Hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase/glucose 1-dehydrogenase

lncRNAs:

Long non-coding RNAs

IGF2:

Insulin-like growth factor 2

IGF2BP1:

IGF2 mRNA-binding protein 1

ILF3-AS1:

Interleukin enhancer-binding factor 3-antisense RNA 1

LEF1-AS1:

Lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 antisense RNA 1

LINC00152:

Long intergenic non-coding RNA 152

LASP1:

LIM and SH3 protein 1

Linc-PINT:

Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA, P53-induced transcript

MIAT:

Myocardial infarction‑associated transcript

MTF2:

Metal regulatory transcription factor 2

MIR17HG:

MiR-17-92a-1 cluster host gene

MIR7-3HG:

MIR7-3 host gene

MBNL1-AS1:

Muscle blind-like 1 antisense RNA 1

MMP9:

Matrix metallopeptidase 9

MEG3:

Maternally expressed gene 3

MT1JP:

Metallothionein 1J, pseudogene

MDR1:

Multi-drug resistance 1

MALAT1:

Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1

NKILA:

NF-κB-interacting

NT5E:

5'-Nucleotidase ecto

NEK6:

NIMA-related kinases

PFKFB2:

6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6 biphosphatase 2

PVT1:

Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1

PAX6:

Paired box protein 6

PAX9:

Paired box gene 9

PEG10:

Paternally expressed gene 10

PLAC2:

Placenta-specific 2

PI3Kγ:

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma

PANDAR:

Promoter of CDKN1A antisense DNA damage-activated RNA

RPE:

Retinal pigment epithelium

PlncRNA-1:

Prostate cancer-up-regulated lncRNA

PTEN:

Phosphatase and tensin homolog

RIN1:

Ras and rab interactor 1

RB:

Retinoblastoma

ROR:

Regulator of reprogramming

shRNA:

Short hairpin RNA

Sp/KLF:

SP/kruppel-like factor superfamily

SND1-IT1:

SND1 intronic transcript 1

SHCBP1:

SHC binding and spindle-associated 1

STX17:

Syntaxin 17

STC1:

Stanniocalcin-1

STX17:

Syntaxin 17

SI-HIF1A-AS1:

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α-antisense

SOX2:

Sex determining region Y-box 2

STMN1:

Stathmin 1

SBK1:

SH3 domain-binding kinase 1

SNHG14:

Small nucleolar RNA host gene 14

SNHG16:

Small nucleolar RNA host gene 16

SNHG20:

Small nucleolar RNA host gene 20

TFAP2B:

Transcription factor activating enhancer-binding protein 2B

TUG1:

Taurine-upregulated gene 1

TRIM44:

Tripartite motif protein 44

TCL6:

T-cell leukemia/lymphoma 6

TRIM44:

Tripartite motif containing 44

TRPM2-AS:

TRPM2 antisense RNA

TP53TG1:

TP53 target 1

UCA1:

Urothelial carcinoma-associated 1

VCR:

Vincristine

WNK1:

With-no-lysine kinase 1

XIST:

X inactive specific transcript

ZNRD1-AS1:

Zinc ribbon domain-containing 1 antisense RNA 1

ZFPM2-AS1:

Zinc finger protein multitype 2 antisense RNA 1

ZEB2:

Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2

5-Fu:

5-Fluorouracil

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Ava Nasrolahi, Maryam Hajizadeh & Mostafa Feghhi

  2. Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Shirin Azizidoost

  3. Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland

    Klaudia Radoszkiewicz

  4. Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Sajad Najafi

  5. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Farhoodeh Ghaedrahmati

  6. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Mohadeseh Sheykhi-Sabzehpoush

  7. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran

    Jafar Poodineh

  8. Department of Ophthalmology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Maryam Hajizadeh & Mostafa Feghhi

  9. Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Amir Anbiyaiee

  10. Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Maryam Farzaneh

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AN, SHA, KR, SN, FGH, JP, MSH, AA, and MH have made contributions to the writing of the manuscript. MF and MF have made contributions to the revision of the manuscript. All authors have approved the submitted version of the article and have agreed to be personally accountable for the author’s own contributions and to ensure that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Nasrolahi, A., Azizidoost, S., Radoszkiewicz, K. et al. Long non-coding RNAs involved in retinoblastoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 149, 401–421 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-022-04398-z

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