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Energy expenditure and body composition in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia at term age

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Abstract

In this cross-sectional study, conducted in a cohort of infants with a gestational age of < 32 weeks, we aimed to evaluate and compare resting energy expenditure (REE) and body composition between infants who developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and those who did not. REE and body composition were assessed at term equivalent age using indirect calorimetry and air displacement plethysmography. Anthropometric measurements (weight, head circumference, and length) were obtained and transformed into Z-scores per the Fenton (2013) growth curve, at birth and at term equivalent age. Forty-two infants were included in this study, of which 26.2% developed BPD. Infants with BPD had significantly higher energy expenditure at term equivalent age, with no difference in body composition between the two groups.

Conclusion: Despite expending more energy, infants with BPD maintained a similar body composition distribution to those without BPD, and this is likely due to the recommended nutritional approach.

What is Known:

• Greater resting energy expenditure impairs growth of preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

What is New:

• Although preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia had a higher resting energy expenditure at the corrected term age, this did not affect their body composition and growth.

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Availability of data and material

Data is attached as a supplemental file as requested.

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Abbreviations

AGA:

Adequate for gestational age

APGAR:

Vitality score at birth

BPD:

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

CPAP:

Continuous positive airway pressure

FM:

Fat mass

GA:

Gestational age

HC:

Head circumference

HMD:

Hyaline membrane disease

IFF/Fiocruz:

Fernandes Figueira National Institute of Women’s, Child and Adolescent Health

IMV:

Invasive mechanical ventilation

LM:

Lean mass

NICU:

Neonatal intensive care unit

NIMV:

Non-invasive mechanical ventilation

PDA:

Patent ductus arteriosus

REE:

Resting energy expenditure

SGA:

Small for gestational age

TEA:

Term equivalent age

TPN:

Total parenteral nutrition

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Nacional da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ, Neonatology Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil

    Paola Azara Tabicas Lima, Maria Dalva Barbosa Baker Méio, Maria Elisabeth Lopes Moreira, Andrea Dunshee de Abranches & Brunna Grazziotti Milanesi

  2. Applied Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional da Mulher, da Criança E do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil

    Maria Dalva Barbosa Baker Méio, Maria Elisabeth Lopes Moreira & Saint Clair S. Gomes Junior

Authors
  1. Paola Azara Tabicas Lima
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  2. Maria Dalva Barbosa Baker Méio
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  3. Maria Elisabeth Lopes Moreira
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  4. Andrea Dunshee de Abranches
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  5. Brunna Grazziotti Milanesi
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  6. Saint Clair S. Gomes Junior
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Contributions

Dr Lima PAT participated in the protocol development and in the data analysis and had the primary responsibility for patient screening, enrollment, outcome assessment, and writing the manuscript. Dr Méio MDBB had primary responsibility for protocol development, supervised the design and execution of the study, the interpretation of the final data analyses, and contributed to the writing of the manuscript. Dr Moreira MEL participated in the analytical framework of the study and in the interpretation of the final data analyses, and contributed to the writing of the study. Abranches AD and Dr Milanesi BG participated in the analytical framework of the study and contributed to the writing of the study. Dr Gomes-Junior SCS performed the data analyses, the interpretation of the final data analyses, and contributed to the writing of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Maria Dalva Barbosa Baker Méio.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval

This study was approved by the Institution’s Ethics Committee under Opinion No. CAAE 50243615.0.00005269.

Consent to participate

Newborns were only included in the study after the consent of the legal guardians who signed the Informed Consent Form.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Communicated by Daniele De Luca

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Lima, P.A.T., Méio, M.D.B.B., Moreira, M.E.L. et al. Energy expenditure and body composition in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia at term age. Eur J Pediatr 181, 3039–3047 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-022-04517-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-022-04517-5

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