Abstract
Older adults with hearing loss experience significant difficulties understanding speech in noise, perhaps due in part to limited benefit from supporting executive functions that enable the use of environmental cues signaling changes in listening conditions. Here we examined the degree to which 41 older adults (60.56–86.25 years) exhibited cortical responses to informative listening difficulty cues that communicated the listening difficulty for each trial compared to neutral cues that were uninformative of listening difficulty. Word recognition was significantly higher for informative compared to uninformative cues in a + 10 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) condition, and response latencies were significantly shorter for informative cues in the + 10 dB SNR and the more-challenging + 2 dB SNR conditions. Informative cues were associated with elevated blood oxygenation level-dependent contrast in visual and parietal cortex. A cue–SNR interaction effect was observed in the cingulo-opercular (CO) network, such that activity only differed between SNR conditions when an informative cue was presented. That is, participants used the informative cues to prepare for changes in listening difficulty from one trial to the next. This cue–SNR interaction effect was driven by older adults with more low-frequency hearing loss and was not observed for those with more high-frequency hearing loss, poorer set-shifting task performance, and lower frontal operculum gray matter volume. These results suggest that proactive strategies for engaging CO adaptive control may be important for older adults with high-frequency hearing loss to optimize speech recognition in changing and challenging listening conditions.
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This work was supported (in part) by the National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (grant number P50 DC 000422) and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under grant number UL1 TR001450. This investigation was conducted in a facility constructed with support from Research Facilities Improvement Program (grant number C06 RR 014516) from the National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research Resources.
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MAE: Conceptualization, methodology, software, formal analysis, investigation, resources, data curation, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, visualization, supervision, project administration, funding acquisition. ST-R: Conceptualization, methodology, investigation, writing—review and editing. KIV, Jr.: Conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, investigation, writing—review and editing. JBA: Methodology, writing—review and editing. CMM: Formal analysis, writing—review and editing. JRD: Methodology, writing—review and editing, funding acquisition.
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Eckert, M.A., Teubner-Rhodes, S., Vaden, K.I. et al. Unique patterns of hearing loss and cognition in older adults’ neural responses to cues for speech recognition difficulty. Brain Struct Funct 227, 203–218 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-021-02398-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-021-02398-2