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Visual object naming in patients with small lesions centered at the left temporopolar region

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Abstract

Naming is considered a left hemisphere function that operates according to a posterior–anterior specificity gradient, with more fine-grained information processed in most anterior regions of the temporal lobe (ATL), including the temporal pole (TP). Word finding difficulties are typically assessed using visual confrontation naming tasks, and have been associated with selective damage to ATL resulting from different aetiologies. Nonetheless, the role of the ATL and, more specifically, of the TP in the naming network is not completely established. Most of the accumulated evidence is based on studies on patients with extensive lesions, often bilateral. Furthermore, there is a considerable variability in the anatomical definition of ATL. To better understand the specific involvement of the left TP in visual object naming, we assessed a group of patients with an epileptogenic lesion centered at the TP, and compared their performance with that of a strictly matched control group. We also administered a battery of verbal and non-verbal semantic tasks that was used as a semantic memory baseline. Patients showed an impaired naming ability, manifesting in a certain degree of anomia and semantically related naming errors, which was influenced by concept familiarity. This pattern took place in a context of mild semantic dysfunction that was evident in different types and modalities of semantic tasks. Therefore, current findings demonstrate that a restricted lesion to the left TP can cause a significant deficit in object naming. Of importance, the observed semantic impairment was far from the devastating degradation observed in semantic dementia and other bilateral conditions.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank all participants who made this study possible, and three anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions to improve the quality of the paper. This work was supported by a research grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Grant SAF2011-27920) to IG-M. PC was supported by a Ramon y Cajal Fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (RYC-2010-05748). CP was supported by Spanish Ministry of Science and Education (AP2009–4131). AG–N and RT were supported in part by Fundación INCE, Madrid.

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  1. Department of Basic Psychology, Autonoma University of Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain

    Pablo Campo, José Manuel Igoa & Mercedes Belinchón

  2. Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Autonoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain

    Claudia Poch

  3. Epilepsy Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Ruber Internacional, Madrid, Spain

    Rafael Toledano, Irene García-Morales & Antonio Gil-Nagel

  4. Epilepsy Unit, Neurology Department, University Hospital of San Carlos, Madrid, Spain

    Irene García-Morales

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  1. Pablo Campo
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  2. Claudia Poch
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  3. Rafael Toledano
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  4. José Manuel Igoa
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  6. Irene García-Morales
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  7. Antonio Gil-Nagel
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Correspondence to Pablo Campo.

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Campo, P., Poch, C., Toledano, R. et al. Visual object naming in patients with small lesions centered at the left temporopolar region. Brain Struct Funct 221, 473–485 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-014-0919-1

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