Abstract
Main conclusion
Guard cell- or mesophyll cell-localized phytochromes do not have a predominant direct light sensory role in red- or blue-light-mediated stomatal opening or far-red-light-mediated stomatal closure of Arabidopsis.
Abstract
The role of phytochromes in blue- and red-light-mediated stomatal opening, and far-red-light- mediated decrease in opening, is still under debate. It is not clear whether reduced stomatal opening in a phytochrome B (phyB) mutant line, is due to phytochrome acting as a direct photosensor or an indirect growth effect. The exact tissue localization of the phytochrome photoreceptor important for stomatal opening is also not known. We studied differences in stomatal opening in an Arabidopsis phyB mutant, and lines showing mesophyll cell-specific or guard cell-specific inactivation of phytochromes. Stomatal conductance (gs) of intact leaves was measured under red, blue, and blue + far-red light. Lines exhibiting guard cell-specific inactivation of phytochrome did not show a change in gs under blue or red light compared to Col-0. phyB consistently exhibited a reduction in gs under both blue and red light. Addition of far-red light did not have a significant impact on the blue- or red-light-mediated stomatal response. Treatment of leaves with DCMU (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea), a photosynthetic electron transport (PET) inhibitor, eliminated the response to red light in all lines, indicating that stomatal opening under red light is controlled by PET, and not directly by phytochrome. Similar to previous studies, leaves of the phyB mutant line had fewer stomata. Overall, phytochrome does not appear have a predominant direct sensory role in stomatal opening under red or blue light. However, phytochromes likely have an indirect effect on the degree of stomatal opening under light through effects on leaf growth and stomatal development.
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Acknowledgements
We wish to thank Prof. Beronda Montgomery of the Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, for generously sharing Arabidopsis seeds of all plant lines used in the current study, and for the tremendous support and guidance given to us throughout this research. We are also grateful to Dr. Sookyung Oh (Montgomery Lab) for her assistance. We thank Jim Klug and Cody Keilen (Growth Chamber Facility, Michigan State University) for their assistance, undergraduate student Lydia Sanchez (Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University) for helping with growth and maintenance of plants, and all members of the Sharkey lab for their support.
Funding
Funding for participation of S.M.W. in this research was supported by the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy (award no. DE-FG02-91ER 20021). Partial salary support for T.D.S. came from Michigan AgBioResearch.
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Weraduwage, S.M., Frame, M.K. & Sharkey, T.D. Role of guard cell- or mesophyll cell-localized phytochromes in stomatal responses to blue, red, and far-red light. Planta 256, 55 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-022-03967-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-022-03967-3