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Evaluation of oxidative stress levels in the conjunctival epithelium of patients with or without dry eye, and dry eye patients treated with preservative-free hyaluronic acid 0.15 % and vitamin B12 eye drops

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Abstract

Purpose

Increased levels of oxidative stress have been seen in animal models of dry eye and in the conjunctival epithelial cells of patients with Sjögren’s syndrome. The aims of this study were to compare the levels of oxidative stress in patients with dry eye and patients without dry eye and to evaluate the effects of treatment with preservative-free eye drops containing hyaluronic acid 0.15 % and vitamin B12 on oxidative stress and dry eye symptoms.

Methods

Three cohorts of patients who were to undergo planned cataract surgery were enrolled: patients with dry eye randomized to either no treatment (n = 29) or treatment (n = 32) with hyaluronic acid/vitamin B12 eye drops, and patients without dry eye (n = 42). Patients were assessed by Schirmer’s type I test, fluorescein clearance test (FCT), Break Up Time (BUT), and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). Lipid peroxidation, a marker of oxidative stress, was assessed by LP-CHOLOX test.

Results

Compared with patients without dry eye, patients with dry eye had significantly increased levels of oxidative stress, higher OSDI and FCT scores, and significantly lower Schirmer’s test and BUT scores. Treatment with eye drops containing hyaluronic acid 0.15 % and vitamin B12 was associated with significantly reduced levels of oxidative stress and OSDI and FCT scores and significantly increased Schirmer’s test and BUT scores.

Conclusions

These findings indicate that oxidative stress is associated with dry eye and that hyaluronic acid/vitamin B12 eye drops may attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation, improving dry eye symptoms. Further study in controlled clinical trials is warranted.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by an independent research grant from the Corporate Grants & Charitable Contributions Specialist of Bausch & Lomb, Rochester, NY, USA. Editing assistance for this manuscript was provided by Health Publishing & Services, Milan, Italy.

Angelo Macri, MD and Giorgio Sangalli, MD are employees of IRCSS – Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino IST – Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy. Chiara Scanarotti, PhD and Anna Maria Bassi, PhD are employees of Cell Culture Lab, DIMES, University of Genoa, Via L.B. Alberti 2, 16132 Genoa, Italy. Sebastiano Giuffrida, PhD is an employee of Bausch + Lomb Iom SpA - Viale Martesana 12–20090 Vimodrone (MI). Carlo Enrico Traverso, MD and Michele Iester, MD are employees of Clinica Oculistica, DiNOG, University of Genova, Italy.

Conflicts of interest

The authors have no other potential conflicts of interest to declare.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. U.O. Oculistica, IRCSS – Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino IST – Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Largo R. Benzi 10 - Padiglione Oculistica, Genoa, Italy

    Angelo Macri & Giorgio Sangalli

  2. Cell Culture Lab, DIMES, University of Genoa, Via L.B. Alberti 2, 16132, Genoa, Italy

    Chiara Scanarotti & Anna Maria Bassi

  3. Bausch + Lomb Iom SpA, Viale Martesana 12, 20090, Vimodrone, MI, Italy

    Sebastiano Giuffrida

  4. Clinica Oculistica, DiNOG, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy

    Carlo Enrico Traverso & Michele Iester

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  1. Angelo Macri
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Correspondence to Angelo Macri.

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Macri, A., Scanarotti, C., Bassi, A.M. et al. Evaluation of oxidative stress levels in the conjunctival epithelium of patients with or without dry eye, and dry eye patients treated with preservative-free hyaluronic acid 0.15 % and vitamin B12 eye drops. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 253, 425–430 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-014-2853-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-014-2853-6

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