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Constraining magma sources using primitive olivine-hosted melt inclusions from Puñalica and Sangay volcanoes (Ecuador)

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Abstract

Constraining arc magma sources at continental arc settings is a delicate task, because chemical signatures from crustal processes obscure the slab and mantle signatures. Here, we present major, trace, and volatile element compositions of olivine-hosted melt inclusions (Fo82–89) selected from the most primitive lavas (Mg# > 60) from two Ecuadorian volcanoes (Puñalica and Sangay) situated at the southern termination of the Andean Northern Volcanic Zone. Melt inclusions (MI) from Puñalica are nepheline normative and have basaltic-to-basaltic-andesite compositions (45–56 wt% SiO2) similar to peridotite-derived melts. Sangay MI is also nepheline normative, with high CaO (up to 16 wt% and CaO/Al2O3 < 1) and low silica contents (41.9–44.5 wt%) pointing out an amphibole-bearing clinopyroxenite source. Both volcanoes display volatile-rich compositions (up to 6100 ppm Cl, 2200 ppm F, and 6700 ppm S). These MI cannot be related to their host lavas by fractional crystallization, implying that they represent true primitive liquids. The source of Puñalica MI was metasomatized by slab-derived melts that imprints its low Ba/Th, Sr/Th, and high Th/La (average values of 66, 129, and 0.22, respectively). On the contrary, the slab component added to the source of Sangay MI has a higher Ba/Th, Sr/Th, and low Th/La (average values of 261, 517, and 0.11, respectively) which could suggest a relative contribution of aqueous fluids. This dichotomy is related to the presence of the Grijalva Fracture Zone that separates a younger and hotter oceanic crust to the north (below Puñalica) from a colder and older oceanic crust to the south (below Sangay).

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Acknowledgements

This research was conducted as part of Diego Narvaez, Ph.D., which is financed by the Secretaría Nacional de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENESCYT, Ecuador) and the ARTS program of the French Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD). It is part of a cooperation program carried out between the Instituto Geofısico, Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IGEPN), Quito, Ecuador and the IRD, through the Laboratoire Mixte International “Séismes et Volcans dans les Andes du Nord”. ER-K acknowledges funding from the French INSU scientific program SYSTER. We thank Nordine Bouden and Etienne Deloule of CRPG (France) for their precious guidance during SIMS analysis. Jean-Luc Devidal, at LMV, is deeply thank for his essential help with the LA-ICPMS measurements and tuning of the EMP. We thank Fran van Wyk des Vries for proof reading the manuscript and correcting the English. This work also benefited by the financial support from the Laboratory of Excellence ClerVolc. This is Laboratory of Excellence ClerVolc contribution no. 309.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, IRD, OPGC, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France

    Diego F. Narvaez, Estelle F. Rose-Koga, Pablo Samaniego & Kenneth T. Koga

  2. Departamento de Geología, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara E11-253, Quito, Ecuador

    Diego F. Narvaez

  3. Instituto Geofísico, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara E11-253, Aptdo. 2759, Quito, Ecuador

    Silvana Hidalgo

Authors
  1. Diego F. Narvaez
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  2. Estelle F. Rose-Koga
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  3. Pablo Samaniego
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  4. Kenneth T. Koga
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  5. Silvana Hidalgo
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Correspondence to Diego F. Narvaez.

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Communicated by Timothy L. Grove.

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Narvaez, D.F., Rose-Koga, E.F., Samaniego, P. et al. Constraining magma sources using primitive olivine-hosted melt inclusions from Puñalica and Sangay volcanoes (Ecuador). Contrib Mineral Petrol 173, 80 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-018-1508-8

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