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Effects of rapid maxillary expansion on hearing loss and otitis media in cleft palate children

  • Otology
  • Published:
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

Otitis media with effusion (OME), recurrent acute otitis media and conductive hearing loss (CHL) are significantly prevalent in children with cleft palate (CP) and cleft lip and palate (CLP). Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME) appears to have a positive effect also on middle ear disorders in these patients. The study aims to offer a prospective evaluation of RME effects in a group of patients with CP/CLP in terms of OME, CHL.

Methods

A prospective observational study was conducted. Thirty-four CP, CLP and submucosa cleft patients who received orthodontic indication to RME treatment for OME or conductive hearing loss in a tertiary institutional Care Unit of San Paolo Hospital, Milan (IT), were included. Twenty-two patients matched for age and with analogous inclusion criteria except for indication to RME treatment were enrolled in the control group. Clinical otolaryngological evaluation, pure tone audiometry and tympanogram were performed at the beginning of treatment (T0), at the end of the expansion (T1) and at 6-month follow-up (T2).

Main outcome measures: Air-bone gaps and tympanogram results at each time interval.

Results

In the main group, RME allowed a statistically significant improvement of air-bone gaps (according to frequency, p < 0.001–0.089 T0 vs. T1 and < 0.001–0.044 T0 vs. T2, Friedman’s test) and tympanometry results (p = 0.002 T0 vs. T1 and p < 0.001 T0 vs. T2, Friedman’s test). Improvements were stable during follow-up and were significantly better in the main group than in the control group.

Conclusion

CHL and middle ear effusion improved significantly overtime during RME and after 6 months of follow-up.

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Availability of data and materials

Data and materials are available if required.

Code availability

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Acknowledgements

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Funding

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Author notes

  1. Felisati Giovanni and Meazzini Maria Costanza have contributed equally to this article.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Cecilia Rosso, Liliana Colletti, Martina Foltran, Alberto Maria Saibene, Antonia Pisani, Elisa Stefanoni, Alberto Scotti, Giovanni Felisati & Costanza Maria Meazzini

  2. Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Smile House, Regional Center for CLP, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Cecilia Rosso, Liliana Colletti, Martina Foltran, Alberto Maria Saibene, Antonia Pisani, Elisa Stefanoni, Alberto Scotti, Giovanni Felisati & Costanza Maria Meazzini

Authors
  1. Cecilia Rosso
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  2. Liliana Colletti
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  3. Martina Foltran
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  4. Alberto Maria Saibene
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  5. Antonia Pisani
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  6. Elisa Stefanoni
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  7. Alberto Scotti
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  8. Giovanni Felisati
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  9. Costanza Maria Meazzini
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Contributions

Design of the study: RC. Conduction of the study: RC, CL, FM, SE, SA, PA. Analysis of the study: RC, SAM, FG, MMC. Revision of the study: SAM, FG, MMC.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Cecilia Rosso.

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The authors declare to have no conflict of interest.

Ethics approval

Institutional Review Board of San Paolo Hospital (Milan, Italy), gave his consent to the development of this study.

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Written informed consent was obtained by both parents or caregivers.

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Rosso, C., Colletti, L., Foltran, M. et al. Effects of rapid maxillary expansion on hearing loss and otitis media in cleft palate children. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 279, 4335–4343 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-021-07187-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-021-07187-5

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