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Assessing adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with uncontrolled asthma vs. mild asthma: a retrospective comparative analysis

  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Published:
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate perinatal outcomes between the uncontrolled asthma group and the mild asthma group and to reveal the relationship between disease severity and adverse maternal–fetal outcomes in this study.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study analyzed 180 pregnant women diagnosed with asthma, hospitalized, and delivered at our center between September 1, 2019, and December 1, 2021. We compared two groups: 160 with mild asthma and 20 with uncontrolled asthma. Data encompassed maternal characteristics, obstetrical complications, medication use, emergency department admissions for exacerbations, smoking status, and neonatal outcomes.

Results

In the uncontrolled asthma group, hospitalization rates, use of inhaled short-acting β-agonist (SABA), and systemic corticosteroids were significantly higher compared to the mild asthma group (p < 0.01). Maternal and fetal complications were more prevalent in the uncontrolled group, including asthma exacerbations (45% vs. 1.2%), anemia (10% vs. 4.4%), prematurity (25% vs. 9.6%), and intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) (10% vs. 0.6%). Neonatal outcomes in the uncontrolled group showed higher rates of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (50% vs. 25%), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) (30% vs. 14%), and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) (5% vs. 0%) compared to the mild asthma group.

Conclusion

Uncontrolled asthma during pregnancy is associated with higher adverse maternal–fetal and neonatal outcomes compared to mild asthma.

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Data availability

The data supporting this study’s findings are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

Special thanks to all healthcare staff who work with devotion for improving the health standards to the patients.

Funding

The authors declare that no funds were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Health, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye

    Ali Taner Anuk, Atakan Tanacan & Özgür Kara

  2. Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye

    Dilek Sahin

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  1. Ali Taner Anuk
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. ATA: original draft preparation, writing, data collection. AT: analysis, interpretation, reviewing and editing. ÖK: reviewing and editing. DS: conceptualization, methodology, visualization, reviewing and editing.

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Correspondence to Ali Taner Anuk.

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Anuk, A.T., Tanacan, A., Kara, Ö. et al. Assessing adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with uncontrolled asthma vs. mild asthma: a retrospective comparative analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-023-07347-4

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