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The arthroscopic Bankart operation: a 10-year follow-up study

  • Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine
  • Published:
Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Introduction

Traumatic shoulder instability most frequently occurs in young people often during sports events. Currently, the arthroscopic Bankart repair is the therapy of choice in the absence of extensive glenoid bone loss and has proved to be a safe and effective procedure. Nevertheless, we see recurrence of instability—especially if new trauma happens—and further data are needed to guide the right decision-making for these often young patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the long-term outcome 10 years after arthroscopic Bankart operation in terms of satisfaction of the patient, functional result, complications, recurrent instability, and development of osteoarthritis, and to look after possible risk factors for recurrence of instability and statistical proof of these.

Materials and methods

Thirty-nine out of 49 patients underwent physical examination of both shoulders. We could perform a postoperative shoulder a-p X-ray in 28 patients. According to Samilson, [24] the extent of osteoarthritis was measured. The Constant score and the postoperative ROWE score were determined for both shoulders as well as the WOSI Score. In 25 cases, we calculated the ISIS Score.

Results

We could reach out to 89.6% of patients and 79.6% could be physically examined. The vast majority of 95.5% are either very satisfied or satisfied with the result at the time we ended the follow-up. The mean Constant score of 95.5 reflects this result. In contrast to this, we found at the same time in 15.3% ongoing clinical signs of instability of the concerning shoulder, even though 9.1% had to be re-operated for recurrent instability in between the follow-up timeline and we found in the X-rays (57.1% of all patients) in 35.7% at least moderate and in 10.7% severe signs of osteoarthritis. The Constant score but not the ROWE score differed significantly in patients with no or mild compared to those with moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis.

Conclusions

The arthroscopic Bankart stabilization procedure showed after 10 years to be a very safe operation and to be able to produce a satisfying and functional very good long-term result—reflected by the Constant score. We assume that the extent of osteoarthritis seems to be the determining factor of the very good functional result, even though ongoing instability was present in 15.3% of the patients.

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Funding

No funding was received to assist with the preparation of this manuscript. No funding was received for conducting this study. No funds, grants, or other support was received. This study was approved by the ethics committee of University of Heidelberg Mannheim 4th of July 2017. All authors are informed and approve the publishing of this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Shoulder and Ellbow Surgery, Vulpiusklinik, Vulpiusstrasse 29, 74906, Bad Rappenau, Germany

    S. Zink, T. Pfeiffenberger, A. Müller & W. Pötzl

  2. Department of Hand Surgery, Vulpiusklinik, Bad Rappenau, Germany

    F. Unglaub

  3. Institute of Biometry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

    R. Krisam

  4. Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

    F. Unglaub

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  1. S. Zink
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  2. T. Pfeiffenberger
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  6. W. Pötzl
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Correspondence to S. Zink.

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This study was performed comlying with the following ethical standards. The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. The authors did not receive support from any organization for the submitted work.

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Zink, S., Pfeiffenberger, T., Müller, A. et al. The arthroscopic Bankart operation: a 10-year follow-up study. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 142, 3367–3377 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-021-04282-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-021-04282-4

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