Abstract
Transdermal therapeutic systems (TTS) based on pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) allow for the application of pharmaceutical substances via diffusion through the skin. The rheological performance of PSA is largely investigated within small amplitude oscillatory shear (typically up to 1 %), although the skin motions exceed strains beyond 40 %. In this paper, amine-compatible (AC) and non-amine-compatible (NAC) silicone-based PSA compounds differing in the resin content were subjected to strain amplitude sweeps in a twin drive rheometer. Carreau-Yasuda-like fitting of storage and loss moduli curves intercepts the substantial effect of resin content on both compounds; up to four times higher, moduli of AC compounds were determined in SAOS, and their higher molecular mass combined with enhanced interactions contributed to an earlier transition to the nonlinear viscoelastic region. In the nonlinear range, elastic and viscous properties are affected by strains in a different manner with the trend favorable for the PSA application as TTS. The third relative higher harmonic from Fourier transformation I3/1 as well as intra-cycle strain stiffening and shear thickening ratios provide information relevant for an optimization of PSA subjected to large deformations.
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Data availability
The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the Zenodo open repository maintained by CERN https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4456643.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Sylwia Wonjo for the help with the experiments. The author B.H. acknowledges the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic - DKRVO (RP/CPS/2020/003).
Funding
This study was supported by the German Ministry of Education and Research, Grant No. 03FH039PX5. The author M.M. also thanks the Graduate Institute Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences for supporting this work by granting a scholarship. Special thanks goes to ERASMUS+ at the TBU in Zlin for the financial support enabling a research semester at the Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Meurer, M., Kádár, R., Dorp, E.Rv. et al. Nonlinear oscillatory shear tests of pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) designed for transdermal therapeutic systems (TTS) . Rheol Acta 60, 553–570 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00397-021-01280-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00397-021-01280-6