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Comparisons of isomaltulose, sucrose, and mixture of glucose and fructose ingestions on postexercise hydration state in young men

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Abstract

Purpose

Isomaltulose is a low glycemic and insulinaemic carbohydrate available as a constituent in sports drink. However, it remains unclear whether postexercise rehydration achieved by isomaltulose drink ingestion alone differs as compared to other carbohydrates.

Methods

Thirteen young men performed intermittent exercise in the heat (35 °C and relative humidity 40%) to induce a state of hypohydration as defined by a 2% loss in body mass. Thereafter, participants were rehydrated by ingesting drinks equal to the volume of body mass loss with either a mixture of 3.25% glucose and 3.25% fructose, 6.5% sucrose (SUC), or 6.5% isomaltulose (ISO) within the first 30 min of a 3-h recovery. The change in plasma volume (ΔPV) from pre-exercise baseline, blood glucose, and plasma insulin concentration were assessed every 30-min.

Results

ΔPV was lower in ISO as compared to SUC until 90 min of the recovery (all P ≤ 0.038) with no difference thereafter (all P ≥ 0.391). The ΔPV were paralleled by concomitant changes in blood glucose levels that were greater in ISO as compared to other drinks after 90 min of the recovery (all P ≤ 0.035). Plasma insulin secretion, which potentially enhances renal sodium reabsorption and fluid retention, did not differ between the trials (interaction, P = 0.653). ISO induced a greater net fluid volume retention as compared to SUC (P = 0.010).

Conclusion

We showed that rehydration with an isomaltulose drink following exercise-heat stress induces comparable recovery of PV and a greater net fluid retention as compared to other drinks, albeit this response is delayed. The delayed water transport along with glucose absorption may modulate this response.

This trial was registered in 25th Sep 2019 at https://www.umin.ac.jp/ as UMIN000038099.

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Availability of data and materials

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We thank our volunteer subjects for participating in this study. We would like thank Dr. Tomoyuki Yokoyama for the medical support provided.

Funding

This study was supported by a grant from Bourbon Corporation and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (no. 18H03146) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory for Exercise and Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Education, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan

    Tatsuro Amano, Shingo Katayama, Yumi Okamoto & Junto Otsuka

  2. Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan

    Naoto Fujii & Takeshi Nishiyasu

  3. Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada

    Glen P. Kenny

  4. Advanced Research Institutes, Bourbon Corporation, Niigata, Japan

    Yasuaki Enoki & Daisuke Maejima

Authors
  1. Tatsuro Amano
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  2. Shingo Katayama
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  3. Yumi Okamoto
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  4. Junto Otsuka
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  5. Naoto Fujii
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  6. Glen P. Kenny
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  7. Takeshi Nishiyasu
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  8. Yasuaki Enoki
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  9. Daisuke Maejima
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Contributions

Conception and design of research were undertaken by TA, YE, and DM, data collection and analyses were undertaken by TA, SK, YM, and JO, the manuscript was drafted by TA, NF, GPK, and TN and all authors (TA, SK, YO, JO, NF, GPK, TN, YE, and DM) contributed to data interpretation, editing and revision of manuscript, and approved the final version.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tatsuro Amano.

Ethics declarations

Conflicts of interest

Yasuaki Enoki and Daisuke Maejima are employees of Bourbon Corporation. The views expressed in this manuscript do not represent those of Bourbon Corporation.

Ethics Approval

The present study was approved by the human ethical committee of Niigata University (reference#: 2019–0126) and was conducted in accordance with the latest version of the Declaration of Helsinki. The present study was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) clinical trial registry (ID: UMIN000038099).

Consent to participate

Verbal and written informed consent were obtained from all participants prior to the commencement of the experimental sessions.

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Amano, T., Katayama, S., Okamoto, Y. et al. Comparisons of isomaltulose, sucrose, and mixture of glucose and fructose ingestions on postexercise hydration state in young men. Eur J Nutr 60, 4519–4529 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-021-02614-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-021-02614-z

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