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Does soy protein affect circulating levels of unbound IGF-1?

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Abstract

Introduction

Despite the enormous amount of research that has been conducted on the role of soyfoods in the prevention and treatment of chronic disease, the mechanisms by which soy exerts its physiological effects are not fully understood. The clinical data show that neither soyfoods nor soy protein nor isoflavones affect circulating levels of reproductive hormones in men or women. However, some research suggests that soy protein, but not isoflavones, affects insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1).

Methods

Since IGF-1 may have wide-ranging physiological effects, we sought to determine the effect of soy protein on IGF-1 and its major binding protein insulin-like growth factor-binding protein (IGFBP-3). Six clinical studies were identified that compared soy protein with a control protein, albeit only two studies measured IGFBP-3 in addition to IGF-1.

Results

Although the data are difficult to interpret because of the different experimental designs employed, there is some evidence that large amounts of soy protein (>25 g/day) modestly increase IGF-1 levels above levels observed with the control protein.

Conclusion

The clinical data suggest that a decision to incorporate soy into the diet should not be based on its possible effects on IGF-1.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Soy Nutrition Institute, St.Louis, USA

    Mark Messina

  2. Human Nutrition, Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), University of Ulster, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, UK

    Pamela Magee

  3. 26 Spadina Parkway, Pittsfield, MA, 01201, USA

    Mark Messina

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MM and PM participated in all aspects of the writing of this manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mark Messina.

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MM is the executive director of the Soy Nutrition Institute. PM has no conflicts of interest.

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Messina, M., Magee, P. Does soy protein affect circulating levels of unbound IGF-1?. Eur J Nutr 57, 423–432 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-017-1459-2

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