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Evaluation of restless legs syndrome and sleep disorders in patients with psoriatic arthritis

Beurteilung des Restless-Legs-Syndroms und von Schlafstörungen bei Patienten mit Psoriasisarthritis

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Abstract

Objectives

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurological disease with a chronic course that is characterised by sleep disorders and sensorimotor impairment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of RLS in psoriatic arthritis (PSA) patients and those with psoriasis (P).

Patients and methods

The study included 50 patients with psoriasis (28 females, 22 males), 50 PSA patients (33 females, 17 males) and 50 healthy control subjects (34 females, 16 males), and all 3 groups were matched with respect to age, gender and body mass index (BMI). Evaluations were made using the International RLS Rating Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Insomnia Severity Index, Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Beck Depression Index (BDI) and the SF-36 quality of life scores.

Results

RLS was determined at a higher rate in the PSA patients (64.0%), compared to the P group (20.0%, p < 0.001) and the control group (14.0%, p < 0.001). The number of moderate and severe RLS cases was significantly higher in the PSA group (68.7%) compared to the P group (30%, p < 0.001) and the control group (0%, p < 0.001). In regression analysis, an independent correlation was found between the RLS score and PSQI (beta [β] = 0.269, p = 0.002), FSS (β = 0.243, p = 0.003), SF-36 physical score (β = 0.242, p = 0.004) and BDI (β = 0.177, p = 0.036).

Conclusion

RLS was determined in PSA patients at a higher rate than in psoriasis patients. The presence of RLS in PSA and psoriasis patients is related to impairments in sleep and quality of life, fatigue and depression.

Zusammenfassung

Ziele

Das Restless-Legs-Syndrom (RLS) ist eine neurologische Krankheit mit einem chronischen Verlauf, die durch Schlafstörungen und sensomotorische Beeinträchtigungen gekennzeichnet ist. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Prävalenz und Schwere des RLS bei Patienten mit Psoriasisarthritis (PSA) und Patienten mit Psoriasis (P) zu untersuchen.

Patienten und Methoden

Die Studie umfasste 50 Patienten mit Psoriasis (28 w., 22 m.), 50 PSA-Patienten (33 w., 17 m.) und 50 gesunde Kontrollpersonen (34 w., 16 m.), und alle 3 Gruppen wurden in Bezug auf Alter, Geschlecht und Body Mass Index (BMI) verglichen. Die Bewertungen erfolgten anhand der International RLS Rating Scale, des Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), der Epworth Sleepiness Scale, des Insomnia Severity Index, der Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), des Beck Depression Index (BDI) und der SF-36 Quality of Life Scores.

Ergebnisse

Die Häufigkeit eines RLS war bei den PSA-Patienten (64,0 %) größer als in der P-Gruppe (20,0 %; p < 0,001) und der Kontrollgruppe (14,0 %; p < 0,001). Die Anzahl der mittleren und schweren RLS-Fälle war in der PSA-Gruppe (68,7 %) signifikant höher als in der P-Gruppe (30 %; p < 0,001) und der Kontrollgruppe (0 %; p < 0,001). In der Regressionsanalyse wurde eine unabhängige Korrelation zwischen dem RLS-Score und PSQI (beta [β] = 0,269; p = 0,002), FSS (β = 0,243; p = 0,003), SF-36 – körperliche Funktion (β = 0,242; p = 0,004) und BDI (β = 0,177; p = 0,036) festgestellt.

Schlussfolgerung

Ein RLS wurde bei PSA-Patienten häufiger als bei Psoriasispatienten festgestellt. Das Vorhandensein eines RLS bei PSA- und Psoriasispatienten steht im Zusammenhang mit Beeinträchtigungen des Schlafs und der Lebensqualität, Müdigkeit und Depression.

Ein RLS wurde bei PSA-Patienten häufiger als bei Psoriasispatienten festgestellt. Das Vorhandensein eines RLS bei PSA- und Psoriasispatienten steht im Zusammenhang mit Beeinträchtigungen des Schlafs und der Lebensqualität, Müdigkeit und Depression.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Rheumatology, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, 06110, Ankara, Turkey

    S. C. Sandikci MD

  2. Department of Rheumatology, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

    S. Colak & A. Omma

  3. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Malatya State Hospital, Malatya, Turkey

    R. Aydoğan Baykara

  4. Department of Dermatology, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

    A. Öktem

  5. Department of Internal Medicine, Camlıca Erdem Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    E. Cüre

  6. Department of Rheumatology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey

    A. Kucuk

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  1. S. C. Sandikci MD
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  2. S. Colak
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Correspondence to S. C. Sandikci MD.

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Conflict of interest

S. C. Sandikci, S. Colak, R. Aydoğan Baykara, A. Öktem, E. Cüre, A. Omma and A. Kucuk declare that they have no competing interests.

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1975 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Sandikci, S.C., Colak, S., Aydoğan Baykara, R. et al. Evaluation of restless legs syndrome and sleep disorders in patients with psoriatic arthritis. Z Rheumatol 78, 987–995 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-018-0562-y

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