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The role of gut microbiota in the development of colorectal cancer: a review

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International Journal of Colorectal Disease Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the cancer of the colon and rectum. Recent research has found a link between CRC and human gut microbiota. This review explores the effect of gut microbiota on colorectal carcinogenesis and the development of chemoresistance.

Methods

A literature overview was performed to identify the gut microbiota species that showed altered abundance in CRC patients and the mechanisms by which some of them aid in the development of chemoresistance.

Results

Types of gut microbiota present and methods of analyzing them were discussed. We observed that numerous microbiota showed altered abundance in CRC patients and could act as a biomarker for CRC diagnosis and treatment. Further, it was demonstrated that microbes also have a role in the development of chemoresistance by mechanisms like immune system activation, drug modification, and autophagy modulation. Finally, the key issue of the growing global problem of antimicrobial resistance and its relationship with CRC was highlighted.

Conclusion

This review discussed the role of gut microbiota dysbiosis on colorectal cancer progression and the development of chemoresistance.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Dr. Sangeetha CJ for her constant support and valuable comments regarding the content of the article. The authors also wish to acknowledge Mr. Vikas Sonkar, Mr. Arun Kashyap, and Miss Rupali Srivastava for language correction and proofreading. All the figures were created using Biorender.com.

Funding

The study was supported by the Indo-UK project entitled “AMRflows UK-India project: antimicrobials and resistance from manufacturing flows to people: joined up experiments, mathematical modelling and risk analysis” (AMRflows; grant number DBT/CE/F064/2020–21/G307) funded by the Department of Biotechnology (Government of India).

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  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy- 502284, India

    Navami Koyande, Madhusree Gangopadhyay & Aravind Kumar Rengan

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy- 502284, India

    Shashidhar Thatikonda

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  1. Navami Koyande
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Navami Koyande: conceptualization; formal analysis; methodology; investigation: writing-original draft; and writing-review and editing. Madhusree Gangopadhyay: writing-original draft and formal analysis. Shashidhar Thatikonda: funding acquisition; project administration and supervision. Aravind Kumar Rengan: resources; project administration; and supervision.

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Correspondence to Aravind Kumar Rengan.

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Koyande, N., Gangopadhyay, M., Thatikonda, S. et al. The role of gut microbiota in the development of colorectal cancer: a review. Int J Colorectal Dis 37, 1509–1523 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00384-022-04192-w

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