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Normative reference data for intracranial volume in children: The results of CT volumetry

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Abstract

Background

Intracranial volume (ICV) is an important indicator of the development of the brain and skull in children. At present, there is a lack of ICV growth standards based on large infant and children samples. Our aim was to assess the normal range of the ICV variation in Russian children using a modern automatic system for constructing the endocranial cavity (Endex) and to provide growth standards of the ICV for clinical practice.

Methods

High-resolution head CT scans were obtained from 673 apparently healthy children (380 boys and 293 girls) aged 0–17 years and transformed into the ICV estimates using the Endex software. The open-source software RefCurv utilizing R and the GAMLSS add-on package with the LMS method was then used for the construction of smooth centile growth references for ICV according to age and sex.

Results

We demonstrated that the ICVs estimates calculated using the Endex software are perfectly comparable with those obtained by a conventional technique (i.e. seed feeling). Sex-specific pediatric growth charts for ICV were constructed.

Conclusions

This study makes available for use in clinical practice ICV growth charts for the age from 0 to 17 based on a sample of 673 high-resolution CT images.

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Data availability

The study data are available upon reasonable request to corresponding author.

Abbreviations

ICV:

Intracranial volume

CT:

Computed tomography

GAMLSS:

Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale and Shape

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

LMS method:

Lambda-Mu-Sigma method

SDS:

Standard deviation score

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Burdenko National Medical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Moscow, Russia

    L. A. Satanin

  2. Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

    A. A. Evteev

  3. Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    S. G. Rudnev

  4. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia

    T. L. Satanina

  5. Central Research Institute of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia

    V. V. Roginsky

Authors
  1. L. A. Satanin
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  2. A. A. Evteev
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  3. S. G. Rudnev
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  4. T. L. Satanina
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  5. V. V. Roginsky
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Contributions

All authors reviewed the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to L. A. Satanin.

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Ethics approval

The study was performed in accordance with the Helsinki declaration. Due to the descriptive and retrospective nature of the study, this is a register study and no informed consent of the patients was required nor approval by the ethical committee.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Satanin, L.A., Evteev, A.A., Rudnev, S.G. et al. Normative reference data for intracranial volume in children: The results of CT volumetry. Childs Nerv Syst (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-024-06318-7

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