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Bone mineral density and vitamin D status in children with epilepsy, cerebral palsy, and cerebral palsy with epilepsy

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Abstract

Purpose

We aimed to evaluate the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) disorders and possible risk factors in patients with epilepsy only (EO), cerebral palsy only (CPO), and cerebral palsy–epilepsy (CP + E).

Methods

A total of 122 patients [EO (n = 54), CPO (n = 30), CP + E (n = 38)] and 30 healthy children were evaluated. BMD was only measured in patient groups, not in control subjects. BMD of lumbar vertebrae was determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). An abnormal BMD was defined as low or low normal BMD.

Results

Low BMD rate in EO, CPO, and CP + E group was 3.7, 50, and 39.5 %, respectively. Abnormal BMD values were significantly related to inadequate dietary Ca intake (p = 0.017), severe intellectual disability (p < 0.001), and immobility (p = 0.018). In multivariate regression analysis, the risk of abnormal BMD was higher (3.9-fold) in patients not able to walk independently than the others (p = 0.029). However, serum Ca−Vitamin D levels, insufficient exposure to sunlight, low BMI, and use of AED were not correlated with abnormal BMD.

Conclusion

Abnormal BMD is a common problem in patients with CP and CP + E. Abnormal BMD was related to the severity of CP, but not to vitamin D levels or AED treatment.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank to Yusuf Afacan and Ahmet Anık for critical review of our manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, Medical School, Adnan MenderesUniversity, 09100, Kepez, Aydin, Turkey

    Ayse Tosun

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Ataturk State Hospital, Duzce, Turkey

    Seda Erisen Karaca

  3. Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey

    Tolga Unuvar

  4. Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey

    Yakup Yurekli

  5. Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey

    Cigdem Yenisey

  6. Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey

    Imran Kurt Omurlu

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  1. Ayse Tosun
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  2. Seda Erisen Karaca
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Correspondence to Ayse Tosun.

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Tosun, A., Erisen Karaca, S., Unuvar, T. et al. Bone mineral density and vitamin D status in children with epilepsy, cerebral palsy, and cerebral palsy with epilepsy. Childs Nerv Syst 33, 153–158 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-016-3258-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-016-3258-0

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