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The roles of diffusion and convection in ventilation of animal burrows

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Abstract

The relationship between body mass and the respiratory microenvironment of burrowing animals is examined using artificial burrows containing surrogate animals that simulate O2 consumption by removal of air and simultaneous replacement with N2. Allometric relationships between body mass and burrow radius, nest chamber radius, and O2 consumption rate show that published mathematical predictions of diffusion-mediated gas exchange are adequate to describe the respiratory environments of animals in small blind-ending burrows through porous substrata. Diffusion is sufficient to ventilate burrows containing small mammals weighing less than 340 g, or subterranean nest chambers connected to the surface by one or more tunnels containing mammals weighing less than 30 kg. Outside of these limits, convection prevails and prevents the development of hypoxic conditions, particularly in burrows of mammals weighing more than 1300 g.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Russ Baudinette, Phil Kempster, Emily Lombardi, Ernie Nagy, Glen Shimmin, Suzanne Robson, Jayne Skinner, and Roger White for technical assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Geometric Biology and School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, 3800, Australia

    Craig R. White

  2. School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia

    Roger S. Seymour

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Correspondence to Craig R. White.

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Communicated by E. Polymeropoulus.

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White, C.R., Seymour, R.S. The roles of diffusion and convection in ventilation of animal burrows. J Comp Physiol B 191, 1047–1058 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-021-01395-5

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