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Gender inequality in genitourinary malignancies clinical trials leadership

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World Journal of Urology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Over the past 2 decades, there has been a growing interest in the significance of gender roles in healthcare and several efforts and initiatives have focused on increasing female representation in the medical field. Clinical trials play a very important role in shaping medical practice; moreover, the leaders of clinical trials often represent the upper echelon of researchers in any designated field. Presently, there is no data regarding women’s representation in urological oncology clinical trials leadership. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the extent of female representation in leading urological clinical trials.

Methodology

To thoroughly examine the representation of females as principal investigators (PIs) in urological cancer clinical trials between 2000 and 2020, we conducted a comprehensive search of completed trials focused on kidney, prostate, and bladder cancer on ClinicalTrials.gov. We extracted relevant information regarding the PIs and analyzed the data using univariate analyses to identify any significant differences between male and female PIs.

Results

A total of 9145 cancer clinical trials were conducted over the last 2 decades, and 11.3% (n = 1033) of them were urological cancer clinical trials. We were able to obtain detailed information about the principal investigators (PI) in 79.0% (n = 816) of the clinical trials, and we found that 16.8% (n = 137) of them were led by female investigators. Upon evaluating the characteristics of the PIs, female PIs had a significantly lower median age and median total citations as compared to male PIs (55.0 vs 59.0 and 5333 vs 7902; p-value < 0.001 and 0.006, respectively). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the termination rate, publication rate, funding source, cancer type, and the subject of conducting the clinical trials between male and female PIs.

Conclusion

Between 2000 and 2020, only 16.8% of urological cancer clinical trials were led by a female PI, perhaps reflective of a low percentage of senior female researchers in the fields of urology, oncology and radiation oncology. Universities, research institutes and funding agencies should work to improve mentorship, representation and opportunities for female investigators to encourage more involvement for female researchers in these clinical trials.

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Data availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article. The raw datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study can be obtained from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We extend our gratitude to the study participants for their invaluable contributions. In addition, we acknowledge the Deanship of Academic Research at the University of Jordan for their support in facilitating this research.

Funding

No specific funding was received for this work by the authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan

    Abdulrahman Alhajahjeh & Ahmed A. Abdulelah

  2. University of Jordan; School of Medicine, Amman, Jordan

    Abdulrahman Alhajahjeh, Majedah Hmeidan & Leen Qtaishat

  3. Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, A-1302 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA

    Diala Kakish, Razan Sukerji & Bashir Awamlh

  4. Cook County Health & Hospitals System Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Ryan W. Dobbs

  5. Al Hyatt Oncology Practice, 40 Ibn Khaldoon St., Amman, 11183, Jordan

    Sana Al Sukhun

  6. Department of Urology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Pilar Laguna

  7. School of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE

    Mohammed Shahait

Authors
  1. Abdulrahman Alhajahjeh
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  2. Ahmed A. Abdulelah
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  3. Majedah Hmeidan
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  4. Diala Kakish
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  7. Bashir Awamlh
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  8. Ryan W. Dobbs
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  9. Sana Al Sukhun
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  10. Pilar Laguna
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  11. Mohammed Shahait
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohammed Shahait.

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Alhajahjeh, A., Abdulelah, A.A., Hmeidan, M. et al. Gender inequality in genitourinary malignancies clinical trials leadership. World J Urol 42, 174 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-024-04893-7

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