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The prognostic effect of metastasis patterns on overall survival in patients with distant metastatic bladder cancer: a SEER population-based analysis

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Abstract

Background

The prognostic impact of different distant metastases pattern in bladder cancer is unexplored still now. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of different distant metastases pattern on the survival of patients with stage IV bladder cancers.

Methods

A SEER analysis was performed and the overall survival was calculated by the Kaplan–Meier method. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to further analyze survival outcome and other prognostic factors.

Results

A total of 90,382 eligible cases were retrieved in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Among these patients, stage of IV bladder cancer accounted for 7.03% (6354/90382) at initial diagnosis. Patients who suffered metastasis occupied 35.51% (2256/6354). Comparing with other three single metastases, the patients with liver metastasis exhibited worst OS whose mean of survival was 7.118 months. Multivariate analysis with Cox hazard regression model showed that metastatic site was an independent prognostic factor of OS in patients with single metastasis (P < 0.05). The results of univariate survival analysis showed that metastatic pattern, sex, age, race, tumor stage, N-classification, differentiated grade, histological type, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and insurance status were not significantly correlated with overall survival of patients with two or three metastatic sites (all, P > 0.05).

Conclusions

Bone was the most common site of single metastasis for bladder cancers. Patients with liver metastasis had worse survival outcome comparing with other three distant metastases. Knowledge of these differences in metastatic patterns might help to better guide pre-treatment evaluation of bladder cancer and make determination regarding curative-intent interventions.

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Availability of data and materials

Data files were downloaded directly from the SEER website.

Abbreviations

SEER:

The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results

BCa:

Bladder cancer

OS:

Overall survival

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the members of the research group for useful discussions.

Funding

This work was supported by Medicine and Health Research Foundation of Zhejiang Province (Grant No. 201506257) and China National Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 81502541).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

    Jiafeng Shou, Qi Zhang & Dahong Zhang

Authors
  1. Jiafeng Shou
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  2. Qi Zhang
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  3. Dahong Zhang
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Contributions

JFS: Project development, Data Collection, Manuscript writing. QZ: Data collection, Data analysis. DHZ: Project development, Manuscript writing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dahong Zhang.

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Ethics approval and consent to participate

We signed the ‘Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program Data-Use Agreement’ in accordance with the requirement of using SEER database. Therefore, we obtained the data using permission and could download data from the SEER database.

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Shou, J., Zhang, Q. & Zhang, D. The prognostic effect of metastasis patterns on overall survival in patients with distant metastatic bladder cancer: a SEER population-based analysis. World J Urol 39, 4151–4158 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-021-03721-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-021-03721-6

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