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Prostate volume index and prostatic chronic inflammation predicted low tumor load in 945 patients at baseline prostate biopsy

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Abstract

Purpose

To assess associations of prostate volume index (PVI), defined as the ratio of the volume of the central transition zone to the volume of the peripheral zone of the prostate and prostatic chronic inflammation (PCI) as predictors of tumor load by number of positive cores (PC) in patients undergoing baseline random biopsies.

Methods

Parameters evaluated included age, PSA, total prostate volume, PSA density, digital rectal exam, PVI, and PCI. All patients underwent standard transperineal random biopsies. Tumor load was evaluated as absent (no PC), limited (1–3 PC), and extensive (more than 3 PC). The association of factors with the risk of tumor load was evaluated by the multinomial logistic regression model.

Results

The study evaluated 945 patients. Cancer PC were detected in 477 (507%) cases of whom 207 (43.4%) had limited tumor load and 270 (56.6%) had extensive tumor load. Among other factors, comparing patients with limited tumor load with negative cases, PVI [odds ratio, OR = 0.521, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.330–0.824; p < 0.005] and PCI (OR = 0.289, 95% CI 0.180–0.466; p < 0.0001) were inversely associated with the PCA risk. Comparing patients with extensive tumor load with negative patients, PVI (OR = 0.579, 95% CI 0.356–0.944; p = 0.028), and PCI (OR = 0.150, 95% CI 0.085–0.265; p < 0.0001), predicted PCA risk. Comparing extensive tumor load with limited tumor load patients, PVI and PCI did not show any association with the tumor load.

Conclusions

Increased PVI and the presence of PCI decreased the risk of increased tumor load and associated with less aggressive prostate cancer biology in patients at baseline random biopsies.

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Funding

The authors did not receive financial support.

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Author notes

  1. Antonio B. Porcaro and Alessandro Tafuri contributed equally to this manuscript.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy

    Antonio B. Porcaro, Alessandro Tafuri, Marco Sebben, Giovanni Novella, Tania Processali, Marco Pirozzi, Nelia Amigoni, Riccardo Rizzetto, Arianna Mariotto, Maria Angela Cerruto, Filippo Migliorini, Salvatore Siracusano & Walter Artibani

  2. USC Institute of Urology and Catherine and Joseph Aresty Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Alessandro Tafuri, Aliasger Shakir & Giovanni Enrico Cacciamani

  3. Department of Pathology, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy

    Matteo Brunelli

  4. Divisione Clinicizzata di Urologia, Dipartimento ad Attività Integrata di Chirurgia ed Oncologia – Pancreas Center, University of Verona, Policlinico GB Rossi, P.le LA Scuro, 10, 37134, Verona, Italy

    Antonio B. Porcaro

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  1. Antonio B. Porcaro
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Contributions

ABP: project development, data analysis and interpretation, and manuscript writing. AT: project development, data collection, data analysis and interpretation, and manuscript writing. MS, MP, TP, NA, RR, AM: data collection and general revision. AS: data collection and language and critical revision. MB, GEC, FM, GN, MAC, SS, and WA: others (supervision and critical revision).

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Antonio B. Porcaro.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Porcaro, A.B., Tafuri, A., Sebben, M. et al. Prostate volume index and prostatic chronic inflammation predicted low tumor load in 945 patients at baseline prostate biopsy. World J Urol 38, 957–964 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-019-02830-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-019-02830-7

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