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Prevalence, risk factors, and symptom bother of nocturia: a population-based survey in China

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Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the prevalence, risk factors, and symptom bother of nocturia in Chinese adults.

Methods

A population-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted among individuals aged ≥18 years in five geographical regions of China, via a stratified sampling approach. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on sociodemographic characteristics, general health, and past disease, and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Male/Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Long Form was administered to estimate the prevalence of nocturia and rate their symptom bother. The current International Continence Society definition of nocturia (≥1 void/night) was used, and a secondary analysis was conducted with the threshold of two or more voids per night.

Results

Of the 4,723 subjects contacted, 3,023 completed the interviews (64 % response rate). After being weighted by age and genders, 57.5 % participants reported voiding once or more per night and 24.7 % twice or more per night. Advanced age, higher body mass index, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus were associated risk factors in both genders. Lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic enlargement increased the occurrence of nocturia in men, and higher parity and vaginal delivery were correlated with nocturia in women. Degree of bother increased with the higher frequency of nocturia, but was not affected by genders.

Conclusions

The prevalence of nocturia is quite high in China and increases with advancing age. Nocturia bothers sufferers greatly, and many known risk factors are associated with this bothersome condition. Experiencing two or more nightly voids is more clinically relevant.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by Pfizer, Inc. under the Pfizer Asia–Pacific Urology Research Grant Program.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical standard

This study was approved by the ethics committees of Peking University People’s Hospital, and written informed consent was obtained in all participants. Our study conforms to the provisions of the Declaration of Helsinki revised in Tokyo 2008.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Urology Department, Peking University People’s Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, People’s Republic of China

    Yuliang Wang, Hao Hu, Kexin Xu, Xiaopeng Zhang, Xiaofeng Wang & Yanqun Na

  2. School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China

    Yuliang Wang

  3. Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

    Xiaoping Kang

Authors
  1. Yuliang Wang
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  2. Hao Hu
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  3. Kexin Xu
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  4. Xiaopeng Zhang
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  5. Xiaofeng Wang
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  6. Yanqun Na
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  7. Xiaoping Kang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kexin Xu.

Additional information

Yuliang Wang and Hao Hu have contributed equally to this work.

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Wang, Y., Hu, H., Xu, K. et al. Prevalence, risk factors, and symptom bother of nocturia: a population-based survey in China. World J Urol 33, 677–683 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-014-1411-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-014-1411-5

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