Abstract
This study assessed the interactive effect of selenium (Se) and farmyard manure (FYM) on soil microbial activities, growth, yield, and Se accumulation by wheat grains. Preliminarily, the effect of Se (0–250 µg kg−1 soil) and FYM (0–12.5 g kg−1 soil) was assessed on soil microflora. Selenium exhibited an adverse impact on soil microflora; respiration was decreased at ≥ 10 µg kg−1 soil while dehydrogenase and urease activities were decreased at ≥ 125 µg kg−1 soil. At 250 µg Se kg−1 soil, respiration, dehydrogenase and urease activities were decreased by 81, 40 and 35%, respectively, on unamended soil, and by 9, 47 and 22%, respectively, on FYM-amended soil. The subsequent plant experiments were conducted with same Se and FYM rates; one was harvested 42 days after sowing and other at crop maturity. The application of 125 µg Se kg−1 and 12.5 g FYM kg−1 soil improved seedling biomass by 12.6 and 22%, respectively, while their combined use lacked synergistic effect. Similarly, at maturity Se and FYM increased grain yield while their combined effect was not synergistic. The Se-induced suppression in microbial activities was not related to yield which was improved (11% at the highest rate in unamended soil) by Se application. Selenium application increased grain Se content in a rate-dependent manner, it increased from 0 to 1025 µg kg−1 by applying 250 µg Se kg−1 soil. Moreover, FYM application decreased Se accumulation in grains. It is concluded that FYM application increased soil microbial activities and yield but reduced grain Se accumulation in wheat on Se-applied soil.
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Authors are thankful to the Director, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology for providing funds and space for the experimentation.
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No funding was received for this particular project, however, funds of Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Soil and Environmental Sciences Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology, Pakistan, were used to execute this work.
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MUK Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration and Writing—Original draft. MI Conceptualization, Formal data analysis, Editing and writing—original draft. MA Conceptualization, Writing—Reviewing and editing. MA Resources, Writing—Reviewing and editing.
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Khalid, M.U., Imran, M., Aslam, M. et al. The Interactive Effect of Selenium and Farmyard Manure on Soil Microbial Activities, Yield and Selenium Accumulation by Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Grains. J Plant Growth Regul 41, 2669–2677 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-021-10465-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-021-10465-5