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Physiological and Biochemical Mechanisms Preventing Cd Toxicity in the New Hyperaccumulator Abelmoschus manihot

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Abstract

Abelmoschus manihot, an ornamental plant, was examined for phytoremediation purposes in accordance with the ability to accumulate cadmium and physiological mechanisms of cadmium tolerance. A net photosynthetic rate (A N) glasshouse experiment for 60 days was conducted to investigate the influence of different cadmium amounts (0–100 mg kg−1) on the growth, biomass, photosynthetic performance, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, antioxidative enzyme activities, Cd uptake and accumulation of A. manihot. Exposure to cadmium enhanced plant growth even at 100 mg kg−1, without showing symptoms of visible damage. The cadmium concentration of shoots (stems or leaves) and roots was more than the critical value of 100 mg kg−1 and reached 126.17, 185.26 and 210.24 mg kg−1, respectively. BCF values of A. manihot plants exceeded the reference value 1.0 for all the Cd treatments, and TF values were greater than 1 at 15–60 mg kg−1 Cd treatment. The results also showed that cadmium concentrations of 60 mg kg−1 or less induced a significant enhancement in plant net photosynthetic rate (A N), stomatal conductance (G s), transpiration rate (T r), photosynthetic pigments and F v/F m. These parameters were slightly decreased at the higher concentration (100 mg kg−1). The ROS production (O2 −, H2O2) and antioxidative response including SOD, CAT and POD were significantly enhanced by increasing cadmium. These results suggest that A. manihot can be considered as a Cd-hyperaccumulator and the hormetic effects may be taken into consideration in remediation of Cd contamination soil.

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Acknowledgements

This research was sponsored partial by the Natural Science Foundation of China (31670622). The authors are also grateful to the editor and two anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions on an earlier manuscript. This manuscript has not been published or presented elsewhere in part or in entirety, and is not under consideration by another journal. The study design was approved by the appropriate ethics review boards. All the authors have approved the manuscript and agree with submission to your esteemed journal. There are no conflicts of interest to declare.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People’s Republic of China

    Mengxi Wu, Qiao Luo, Yin Zhao, Yue Long, Shiliang Liu & Yuanzhi Pan

  2. School of Renewable Natural Resource, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA

    Shiliang Liu

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  1. Mengxi Wu
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  2. Qiao Luo
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Correspondence to Yuanzhi Pan.

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Wu, M., Luo, Q., Zhao, Y. et al. Physiological and Biochemical Mechanisms Preventing Cd Toxicity in the New Hyperaccumulator Abelmoschus manihot . J Plant Growth Regul 37, 709–718 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-017-9765-8

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