Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

An electrically and optically cooperated QEPAS device for highly integrated gas sensors

  • Published:
Applied Physics B Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A QEPAS device is demonstrated where the quartz tuning fork (QTF) is not only excited by a laser-induced acoustic wave but also driven electrically by a CMOS circuit at the same time. The gas absorption is measured as the sum of the optically and electrically generated QTF amplitudes. For this design, no accurate and expensive frequency generators are needed since the QTF acts as a photo-acoustic transducer and frequency reference at the same time. Furthermore, simultaneous or alternate electrical and photo-acoustic driving allows for new techniques in combination with QEPAS, such as the analysis of the QTF decay time or the demodulation at the beat frequency if electrical and optical excitation is applied at slightly different frequencies.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. A.A. Kosterev, Y.A. Bakhirkin, R.F. Curl, F.K. Tittel, Quartz enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy. Opt. Lett. 27, 1902 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. P. Patimisco, G. Scamarcio, F.K. Tittel, V. Spagnaolo, Quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy: a review. Sensors 14(4), 6165 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. L. Dong, A.A. Kosterev, D. Thomazy, F.K. Tittel, QEPAS spectrophones: design, optimization, and performance. Appl. Phys. B 100, 627 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. R.J. Matthys, Crystal Oscillator Circuits (Wiley, New Jersey, 1983)

  5. A.A. Kosterev, L. Dong, D. Thomazy, F.K. Tittel, S. Overby, QEPAS for chemical analysis of multi-component gas mixtures. Appl. Phys. B 101, 649 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. J.T. Yardley, M.N. Fertig, C.B. Moore, Vibrational deactivation in methane mixtures. J. Chem. Phys. 52, 1450 (1970)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. F. Menard-Bourcin, C. Boursier, L. Doyennette, J. Menard, Rotational and vibrational relaxation of methane excited to 2ν3 in CH4/H2 and CH4/He mixtures at 296 and 193 K from double-resonance measurements. J. Phys. Chem. A 109, 3111 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. A. O’Keefe, D.A.G. Deacon, Cavity ring-down optical spectrometer for absorption measurements using pulsed laser sources. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 59(12), S. 2544 (1988). doi:10.1063/1.1139895

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Energy Research and Physical Technologies and Energy Research Center of Lower Saxony, Clausthal University of Technology, Am Stollen 19B, 38640, Goslar, Germany

    M. Mordmüller, W. Schade & U. Willer

  2. Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute, Am Stollen 19B, 38640, Goslar, Germany

    M. Köhring & W. Schade

Authors
  1. M. Mordmüller
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. Köhring
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. W. Schade
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. U. Willer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to U. Willer.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Mordmüller, M., Köhring, M., Schade, W. et al. An electrically and optically cooperated QEPAS device for highly integrated gas sensors. Appl. Phys. B 119, 111–118 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-015-6037-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-015-6037-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation