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On photo-induced electrons in graphene-plasmonic nanoparticles

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Abstract

Graphene (G)-plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) systems have found immense nanoscale applications via utilizing the sensitive optical response of graphene to the photo-induced electrons transferred from attached NPs. These electrons are emitted from the plasmonic metal NPs under the influence of a Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR). Here, we first present theoretical investigations of the photoemission electrons in the G-plasmonic NPs system influenced by the LSPR of NPs. A rigorous theoretical approach is used to determine the level of photo-exited electrons and the optimal parameters for achieving a highest photoemission yield. The photoemission of electrons is mainly driven by the surface photoelectric effect in which an electron near the particle surface absorbs photon energy and overcomes the potential barrier at the metal–graphene boundary. For a thorough investigation, we study the effects of the material and geometry of NPs and the intensity of the LSPR field on the rate of photoemission. It is shown that silver nanoparticles combined with graphene are more effective in enhancing light–matter interaction in graphene owing to the lower interfacial energy barrier and higher field enhancement. Finally, we verify that the photo-induced electron density predicted by our calculations is matched with that obtained by combining theoretical and Raman-based experimental results.

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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Funding

The research reported in this publication was supported by funding from Assiut University and Taibah University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt

    Samar Moustafa, Mohamed Almokhtar & Hesham Fares

  2. Physics Department, College of Science, Taibah University, P. O. Box 30002, Medina, Saudi Arabia

    Samar Moustafa, Jamal Q. M. Almarashi, Hesham Fares & Mohamed K. Zayed

  3. Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Bani-Suief University, Bani-Suief, 6111, Egypt

    Mohamed K. Zayed

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  1. Samar Moustafa
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  2. Jamal Q. M. Almarashi
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  3. Mohamed Almokhtar
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Contributions

SM: conceptualization, methodology, data curation, validation, formal analysis, and writing—review and editing. J.QMA: investigation, formal analysis, writing-original draft preparation, and writing—review and editing. MA: investigation, formal analysis, writing—original draft preparation, and writing-review and editing. HF: conceptualization, methodology, data curation, validation, formal analysis, and writing—review and editing. MKZ: conceptualization, methodology, data curation, validation, formal analysis, and writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Hesham Fares.

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Moustafa, S., Almarashi, J.Q.M., Almokhtar, M. et al. On photo-induced electrons in graphene-plasmonic nanoparticles. Appl. Phys. A 129, 376 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-023-06646-6

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