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Strong modulation effects on magnetoelectric behavior of Co-ferrite nanoparticles incorporated in ZnO medium in nano-regime synthesized in chemical routes

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Abstract

The dielectric and piezoelectric host of ZnO nanoparticles was chosen for the incorporation of ferrimagnetic and magnetostrictive CoFe2O4 (CFO) nanoparticles to achieve magnetic and electric orderings simultaneously, under coupled conditions. Two composite samples of CFO@ZnO including the bare one, for comparison, were synthesized under different chemical reaction conditions to observe the influence of particle size on the different magneto-electric properties. The modified synthesis routes were considered due to which modified magnetoelectric behaviors were found in the samples. The particle size plays an important role in the different physical properties. Rietveld analyses of the recorded XRD patterns of all samples confirmed pure phase formation and also provide various structural information to understand the magnetoelectric behavior of these samples. Particle size obtained from this for CFO@ZnO-1 is ~ 20 nm and for CFO@ZnO-2 is ~ 10.9 nm. This size difference is also reflected in the observed FESEM and TEM micrographs. The EDAX spectra and mapping confirm the absence of impurity elements and the uniform distribution of constituent phases of composites. The dielectric properties of ZnO are substantially modified by the presence of CFO nanoparticles in each composite sample and this also depends on the size of the nanoparticles. Dielectric spectroscopy studied in the temperature range 300–425 K, provides detailed electrical properties of both composites. Both composites show enhanced dielectric constant with a very low dielectric loss along with strong magnetic properties. Magnetic investigations were performed on all samples with a maximum applied field of 3 T at different temperatures ranges with a minimum value of 10 K to a maximum value of 850 K. Ferrimagnetic behavior and Curie temperature were observed in case of CFO and CFO@ZnO-1 and presence of superparamagnetism was detected in CFO@ZnO-2. Presence of ferroelectricity was observed in composites at 300 K and 273 K. Coupling between magnetic and electric orderings generated due to magnetostriction of CFO and piezoelectricity of ZnO together with crystallographic strain originated from structural mismatch of these components. This magnetoelectric coupling was investigated through magnetocapacitance measurements, which show a high value of magnetocapacitance (~ 10%) indicating the presence of good magnetoelectric coupling. Thus, the present composite having good magnetoelectric coupling may be interesting in the family of multiferroics.

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Acknowledgements

One of the authors Sukhendu Sadhukhan wish to acknowledge UGC-CSIR for providing fellowship for research purposes. Authors also wish to acknowledge WBDST (292 (Sanc.)/ST/P/S&T/16G-28/2017, Dated: 28.03.2018) for their financial assistants. Authors want to acknowledge DST-SERB, Govt. of India (EMR/2017/000832, Dated: 19.03.2018) for the financial assistance. Authors also wish to acknowledge the financial support provided by UGC, Govt. of India, through the CAS program (No. F.530/20/CAS-II/2018 (SAP-I), Dated: 25.07.2018), FIST, DST Govt. of India (Ref: SR/FST/PS-II/2018/52, TPN No- 19862,) and PURSE-II, DST, Govt. of India (No. SR/PURSE Phase-2/34, Dated: 27.02.2017). The UGC-DAE, CSR Mumbai centers should be acknowledged for providing research funds. Authors also wish to acknowledge USIC, The University of Burdwan for providing instrumental facilities required for sample characterization. Special thanks to UGC DAE CSR Indore, and Prof. Alok Banerjee for providing magnetic measurements of the samples.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Solid State Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Burdwan University, Burdwan, 713104, India

    Sukhendu Sadhukhan, Nupur Bhakta, Souvick Das, Ayan Mallick, Anupam Banerjee & Pabitra K. Chakrabarti

  2. Department of Physics, JIS University, Calcutta, 700109, India

    Abhik S. Mahapatra

  3. Department of Physics, The Heritage College, Calcutta, 700107, India

    Ayan Mitra

  4. Department of Physics, Durgapur Government College, Burdwan, 713214, India

    Nupur Bhakta

  5. Department of Physics, Mahadevananda Mahavidyalaya, Barrackpore, 700120, India

    Ayan Mallick

  6. UGC DAE, Consortium For Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, Calcutta, 700106, India

    Souvik Chatterjee

  7. Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans -IMMM UMR CNRS 6283, Le Mans Université, 72085, Le Mans Cedex 9, France

    J. M. Greneche

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  1. Sukhendu Sadhukhan
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Sadhukhan, S., Mahapatra, A.S., Mitra, A. et al. Strong modulation effects on magnetoelectric behavior of Co-ferrite nanoparticles incorporated in ZnO medium in nano-regime synthesized in chemical routes. Appl. Phys. A 129, 68 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-022-06345-8

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