Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Fabrication and characterization of Fe3O4/perlite, Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2, and Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2@sulfanilamide magnetic nanomaterials

  • Published:
Applied Physics A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, the fabrication of perlite-supported Fe3O4 (Fe3O4/perlite), SiO2-coated Fe3O4/perlite (Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2), and sulfanilamide-modified Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2 (Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2@sulfanilamide) magnetic nanomaterials and their characterization by various spectroscopic techniques were presented. For this purpose, first, Fe3O4/perlite was fabricated via the co-precipitation method. Then, Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2 and Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2@sulfanilamide nanomaterials were fabricated using the sol–gel method. The structural properties of the fabricated nanomaterials were characterized using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), SEM-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), thermogravimetric analysis-differential thermal analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The SEM, SEM–EDX, FTIR, and XRD analyses revealed that the fabrication and surface coatings of the Fe3O4/perlite, Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2, and Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2@sulfanilamide were successfully performed. It was concluded that the Fe3O4/perlite, Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2, and Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2@sulfanilamide showed a type IV-H3 hysteresis loop according to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry classification. According to the BET analysis, it was found that the specific surface areas of the Fe3O4/perlite, Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2, and Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2@sulfanilamide were 8.09, 12.71, and 5.89 m2/g, respectively. The average pore radius of the Fe3O4/perlite, Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2, and Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2@sulfanilamide were 9.68, 7.91, and 34.69 nm, respectively, using the Barrett-Joyner-Halenda method. Moreover, the half-pore widths of the Fe3O4/perlite, Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2, and Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2@sulfanilamide were 2.27, 1.58, and 17.99 nm, respectively, using the density functional theory method. Furthermore, in light of characterization findings, the Fe3O4/perlite, Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2, and Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2@sulfanilamide were in crystalline cubic spinel form, and they had mechanical and thermal stability and a mesoporous structure. Within the framework of the results, these developed nanomaterials, which have potential in many applications, such as sustainable technologies and environmental safety technologies, were brought to the attention of related fields.

Graphical abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. S.M. Hosseinpour-Mashkani, F. Mohandes, M. Salavati-Niasari, K. Venkateswara-Rao, Microwave-assisted synthesis and photovoltaic measurements of CuInS2 nanoparticles prepared by using metal–organic precursors. Mater. Res. Bull. 47(11), 3148–3159 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. M. Salavati-Niasari, F. Davar, Z. Fereshteh, Synthesis of nickel and nickel oxide nanoparticles via heat-treatment of simple octanoate precursor. J. Alloys Compd. 494(1–2), 410–414 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. M. Salavati-Niasari, F. Davar, M.R. Loghman-Estarki, Long chain polymer assisted synthesis of flower-like cadmium sulfide nanorods via hydrothermal process. J. Alloys Compd. 481(1–2), 776–780 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. S. Zinatloo-Ajabshir, M.S. Morassaei, M. Salavati-Niasari, Eco-friendly synthesis of Nd2Sn2O7–based nanostructure materials using grape juice as green fuel as photocatalyst for the degradation of erythrosine. Compos. Part B Eng. 167, 643–653 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. P.K. Kalambate, Z. Huang, Y. Li, Y. Shen, M. Xie, Y. Huang et al., Core@shell nanomaterials based sensing devices: a review. TrAC Trends Anal. Chem. 115, 147–161 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. P. Liu, J. Peng, Y. Chen, M. Liu, W. Tang, Z.-H. Guo et al., A general and robust strategy for in-situ templated synthesis of patterned inorganic nanoparticle assemblies. Giant 8, 100076 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. P. Liu, Z. Yao, V.M.H. Ng, J. Zhou, L.B. Kong, K. Yue, Facile synthesis of ultrasmall Fe3O4 nanoparticles on MXenes for high microwave absorption performance. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 115, 371–382 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. N.H. Abdullah, K. Shameli, M. Etesami, E.C. Abdullah, L.C. Abdullah, Facile and green preparation of magnetite/zeolite nanocomposites for energy application in a single-step procedure. J. Alloys Compd. 719, 218–226 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Ö. Şahin, S. Kutluay, S. Horoz, M.Ş Ece, Fabrication and characterization of 3,4-diaminobenzophenone-functionalized magnetic nanoadsorbent with enhanced VOC adsorption and desorption capacity. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 28(5), 5231–5253 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. L. Shen, B. Li, Y. Qiao, Fe3O4 nanoparticles in targeted drug/gene delivery systems. Materials 11(2), 324 (2018)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. B. Acemioğlu, Batch kinetic study of sorption of methylene blue by perlite. Chem. Eng. J. 106(1), 73–81 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. S. Jafarirad, M. Pooresmaeil, R. Salehi, Green and facile synthesis of gold/perlite nanocomposite using Allium fistulosum L for photothermal application. Photodiagnosis Photodyn. Ther. 34, 102243 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Y.-H. Deng, C.-C. Wang, J.-H. Hu, W.-L. Yang, S.-K. Fu, Investigation of formation of silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles via sol–gel approach. Coll. Surf. A 262(1–3), 87–93 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. M.Ş Ece, Synthesis and characterization of activated carbon supported magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4/AC@SiO2@Sulfanilamide) and its application in removal of toluene and benzene. Coll. Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 617, 126231 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. X.-L. Wang, K. Wan, C.-H. Zhou, Synthesis of novel sulfanilamide-derived 1, 2, 3-triazoles and their evaluation for antibacterial and antifungal activities. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 45(10), 4631–4639 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. I.M. Ahmed, M.M. Hamed, S.S. Metwally, Experimental and mathematical modeling of Cr (VI) removal using nano-magnetic Fe3O4-coated perlite from the liquid phase. Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 28(6), 1582–1590 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. S. Kutluay, Excellent adsorptive performance of novel magnetic nano-adsorbent functionalized with 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid for the removal of volatile organic compounds (BTX) vapors. Fuel 287, 119691 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. M.Ş Ece, S. Kutluay, Ö. Şahin, Silica-coated magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles as efficient nano-adsorbents for the improvement of the vapor-phase adsorption of benzene. Int. J. Chem. Technol. 5(1), 33–41 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  19. S. Kutluay, M.Ş Ece, Ö. Şahin, Synthesis of magnetic Fe3O4/AC nanoparticles and its application for the removal of gas-phase toluene by adsorption process. Int. J. Chem. Technol. 4(2), 146–155 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Y.H. Gad, A.M. Elbarbary, Radiation synthesis of Fe3O4/SiO2/glycidyl methacrylate/acrylonitrile nanocomposite for adsorption of basic violet 7 dye: kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic study. Appl. Organomet. Chem. 35(7), e6258 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. C. Muthuselvi, R. Gayathri, S. Pandiarajan, Growth and characterization of β-sulfanilamide from gel medium. J. Chem. Pharm. Res. 8(4), 858–866 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  22. M.Ş Ece, S. Kutluay, Ö. Şahin, S. Horoz, Development of novel Fe3O4/AC@SiO2@1,4-DAAQ magnetic nanoparticles with outstanding VOC removal capacity: characterization, optimization, reusability, kinetics, and equilibrium studies. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 59(48), 21106–21123 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. A. Majouli, S.A. Younssi, S. Tahiri, A. Albizane, H. Loukili, M. Belhaj, Characterization of flat membrane support elaborated from local Moroccan perlite. Desalination 277(1–3), 61–66 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. G. Bharath, E. Alhseinat, N. Ponpandian, M.A. Khan, M.R. Siddiqui, F. Ahmed et al., Development of adsorption and electrosorption techniques for removal of organic and inorganic pollutants from wastewater using novel magnetite/porous graphene-based nanocomposites. Sep. Purif. Technol. 188, 206–218 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. K.A. Cychosz, M. Thommes, Progress in the physisorption characterization of nanoporous gas storage materials. Engineering 4(4), 559–566 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. M.Ş Ece, A. Ekinci, S. Kutluay, Ö. Şahin, S. Horoz, Facile synthesis and comprehensive characterization of Ni-decorated amine groups-immobilized Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic nanoparticles having enhanced solar cell efficiency. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 32(13), 18192–18204 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. S. Kutluay, S. Horoz, Ö. Şahin, A. Ekinci, M.Ş Ece, Highly improved solar cell efficiency of Mn-doped amine groups-functionalized magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2 nanomaterial. Int. J. Energy Res. 45(14), 20176–20185 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. D.V. Cuong, P.-C. Wu, N.-L. Liu, C.-H. Hou, Hierarchical porous carbon derived from activated biochar as an eco-friendly electrode for the electrosorption of inorganic ions. Sep. Purif. Technol. 242, 116813 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. H.-Y. Zhu, Y.-Q. Fu, R. Jiang, J.-H. Jiang, L. Xiao, G.-M. Zeng et al., Adsorption removal of congo red onto magnetic cellulose/Fe3O4/activated carbon composite: equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. Chem. Eng. J. 173(2), 494–502 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Z. Liu, Z. Zhao, S. Wang, C. Xiong, Solvent-induced synthesis of hollow structured Fe3O4-based anode materials for high-performance Li-ion batteries. J. Mater. 6(3), 485–493 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Y. Sakamoto, T.W. Kim, R. Ryoo, O. Terasaki, Three-dimensional structure of large-pore mesoporous cubic Ia ̄3 d silica with complementary pores and its carbon replica by electron crystallography. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 43(39), 5231–5234 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Mardin Artuklu University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit under Project Number MAU.BAP.18.SHMYO.030.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Siirt University, 56100, Siirt, Turkey

    Sinan Kutluay & Ömer Şahin

  2. Vocational High School of Health Services, Mardin Artuklu University, 47100, Mardin, Turkey

    Mehmet Şakir Ece

Authors
  1. Sinan Kutluay
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ömer Şahin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mehmet Şakir Ece
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mehmet Şakir Ece.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kutluay, S., Şahin, Ö. & Ece, M.Ş. Fabrication and characterization of Fe3O4/perlite, Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2, and Fe3O4/perlite@SiO2@sulfanilamide magnetic nanomaterials. Appl. Phys. A 128, 222 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-022-05369-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-022-05369-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation