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Solid-state synthesis of nano-sized Ba(Ti1−x Sn x )O3 powders and dielectric properties of corresponding ceramics

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Abstract

Powders of a few compositions of solid solution BaTi1−x Sn x O3 (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.40) have been synthesized at 800 °C for 8 h using Ba(NO3)2, TiO2 and SnCl4·5H2O as starting materials. The thermogravimetric (TG) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis of mixture in the stoichiometric proportion for sample BaTi0.80Sn0.20O3 have been carried out to understand the formation of solid solutions. Single-phase pure compounds (except x = 0.40) of the samples have been obtained at a lower calcination temperature (800 °C) than that of those reported in the literature for traditional solid-state synthesis making use of oxides and or carbonates as starting material (≥1200 °C). Tetragonal symmetry for compositions x = 0.0 and 0.10, cubic for x = 0.2 and 0.30 were found by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The transmission electron microscopic (TEM) analysis confirmed that calcined powders have a particle size between 30 and 50 nm. Ceramics of these powders were prepared by sintering at 1350 °C for 4 h. Properties of ceramics obtained in this work have been compared with properties reported in the literature.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), New Delhi, India, for the financial support through research project ERIP/ER/1000387/M/01/1418. Authors are also grateful to the Head, Department of Pharmaceuticals, IIT (BHU) and Prof. R. K. Singh, Department of Physics, Institute of Science, BHU, for providing facilities to record FTIR and Raman spectrum of the samples.

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  1. Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, UP, India

    Md. Jawed Ansaree, Upendra Kumar & Shail Upadhyay

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  1. Md. Jawed Ansaree
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  2. Upendra Kumar
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  3. Shail Upadhyay
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Correspondence to Shail Upadhyay.

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Ansaree, M.J., Kumar, U. & Upadhyay, S. Solid-state synthesis of nano-sized Ba(Ti1−x Sn x )O3 powders and dielectric properties of corresponding ceramics. Appl. Phys. A 123, 432 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-017-1047-6

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