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Bronze Age olive domestication in the north Jordan valley: new morphological evidence for regional complexity in early arboricultural practice from Pella in Jordan

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Abstract

Recent research from the site of Pella in Jordan examines the process and timing of olive cultivation. The frequent presence of olive remains from the Pottery Neolithic, beginning in the Yarmoukian, suggests that exploitation of the olive dates from as early as c. 6200 cal bce, with evidence of oil pressing from at least c. 5200 cal bce. Morphometric data, spanning the Late Neolithic to the Middle Iron Age II, using the measurement of olive endocarp length and width, demonstrates a reduction in the size variation of olive endocarps through time, in addition to an increase in their length, likely the result of selection pressure on trees. At Pella, this change occurs sometime after the Chalcolithic and before the Late Bronze Age, probably post-dating the earliest phases of the Early Bronze Age. Domestication is thus later than Teleilat Ghassul (Jordan), which has the earliest morphological evidence for olive domestication, and suggests that olive domestication was a regionally and temporally diverse process.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Social Science, The University of Queensland, Michie Building, St Lucia, Brisbane, 4072, Australia

    Anne Dighton, Andrew Fairbairn, J. Tyler Faith & Phillip Habgood

  2. NEAF, Archaeology, SOPHI, A14, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia

    Stephen Bourke

  3. Centre for Rock Art Research and Management, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia

    Phillip Habgood

Authors
  1. Anne Dighton
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  2. Andrew Fairbairn
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  3. Stephen Bourke
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  4. J. Tyler Faith
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  5. Phillip Habgood
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Correspondence to Anne Dighton.

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Communicated by F. Bittmann.

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Dighton, A., Fairbairn, A., Bourke, S. et al. Bronze Age olive domestication in the north Jordan valley: new morphological evidence for regional complexity in early arboricultural practice from Pella in Jordan. Veget Hist Archaeobot 26, 403–413 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-016-0601-z

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