Abstract
Key message
In our study, we discovered a fragment duplication autoregulation mechanism in ‘ZS-HY’, which may be the reason for the phenotype of red foliage and red flesh in grapes.
Abstract
In grapes, MYBA1 and MYBA2 are the main genetic factors responsible for skin coloration which are located at the color loci on chromosome 2, but the exact genes responsible for color have not been identified in the flesh. We used a new teinturier grape germplasm ‘ZhongShan-HongYu’ (ZS-HY) which accumulate anthocyanin both in skin and flesh as experimental materials. All tissues of ‘ZS-HY’ contained cyanidin 3-O-(6″-p-coumaroyl glucoside), and pelargonidins were detected in skin, flesh, and tendril. Through gene expression analysis at different stage of flesh, significant differences in the expression levels of VvMYBA1 were found. Gene amplification analysis showed that the VvMYBA1 promoter is composed of two alleles, VvMYBA1a and ‘VvMYBA1c-like’. An insertion of a 408 bp repetitive fragment was detected in the allele ‘VvMYBA1c-like’. In this process, we found the 408 bp repetitive fragment was co-segregated with red flesh and foliage phenotype. Our results revealed that the 408 bp fragment replication insertion in promoter of ‘VvMYBA1c-like’ was the target of its protein, and the number of repeat fragments was related to the increase of trans-activation of VvMYBA1 protein. The activation of promoter by VvMYBA1 was enhanced by the addition of VvMYC1. In addition, VvMYBA1 interacted with VvMYC1 to promote the expression of VvGT1 and VvGST4 genes in ‘ZS-HY’. The discovery of this mutation event provides new insights into the regulation of VvMYBA1 on anthocyanin accumulation in red-fleshed grape, which is of great significance for molecular breeding of red-fleshed table grapes.
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Data availability
The PCR sequence data have been deposited in the GeneBank of NCBI repository with the accession numbers ‘VvMYBA1c-like’ (2774046). The accession numbers of genes used in this study for the Genebank: VvMYBA1a, AB111100; VvMYBA1c, AB242302; VvMYC1, EU447172; VvMYCA1, EF193002;
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Funding
This work was supported by China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-29), Jiangsu Agricultural Industrial Technology System (JATS [2023]409), Jiangsu Province Agricultural Major New Variety Creation Project (PZCZ201723), National Natural Science Foundation of China (31972384; 31901975), Tianshan Innovation Team of Xinjiang China (2022D14014).
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JMT and HL conceived and designed the experiments. HL, YXY, HRL, XBX, and HPH performed the experiments. HL analyzed the data and drafted the manuscript. JMT and HZ revised the manuscript. WZ analyzed data. WLZ, CXS, and RYM reviewed and revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
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Li, H., Yang, Y., Zhang, W. et al. Promoter replication of grape MYB transcription factor is associated with a new red flesh phenotype. Plant Cell Rep 43, 136 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-024-03225-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-024-03225-8