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Disease activity and widespread pain are main contributors to patient-reported global health in axial spondyloarthritis: an analysis of 6064 patients

  • Observational Research
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Abstract

Global health (GH) and health-related quality of life are patient priorities in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Our objective was to assess the relative importance of disease-related factors including disease activity, and patient-related factors including comorbidities, to explain GH in axSpA. Post hoc cross-sectional analyses of 4 sets (COMOSPA, PERSPA, COMEDSPA, and DESIR) of patients fulfilling ASAS criteria for axSpA. GH was assessed through the ASAS Health Index (ASAS-HI) or the EuroQoL-5D-3L (EQ-5D). Disease-related factors included disease activity (ASDAS, psoriasis, arthritis, enthesitis, and CRP), disease duration, diagnostic delay, bamboo spine, and treatment. Non-disease-related factors included sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities and chronic widespread pain. Multivariable logistic and linear regressions and partial variances (R2) were applied to identify independent determinants of GH. In 6064 patients (range 284–2756 across datasets), mean age ranged 38.9–45.8 years, 51–68% were male. GH was generally moderate: median ASAS-HI ranged 5.0–7.0. GH was explained by ASDAS (range of odds ratios, OR, 2.60–4.48) and chronic widespread pain (range of OR 2.19–8.39); other determinants included comorbidities and sociodemographic characteristics. Only 47–57% of the total variance in GH could be explained by the models; disease activity (partial variance, 16–26%) and chronic widespread pain (partial variance 12–15%) were the key contributing variables. A wide range of disease and non-disease-related variables usually collected in studies could only explain 47–57% of the variability in GH. Among these, disease activity and chronic widespread pain were most relevant and of similar magnitude of importance. These findings will be helpful for shared decision-making.

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Data availability

Data that underlie the results presented here were shared from the 4 databases’ principal investigators. This data will be shared upon reasonable request while preserving patient anonymity. Researchers willing to use data collected during the study should contact the first author of the main manuscript of each study.

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Acknowledgements

The first author (JD) has received a Master Grant from Société Française de Rhumatologie (n° 4281) for the present analyses. The 4 datasets were available without financial compensation. The ASAS PERSPA study was conducted under the umbrella of ASAS with unrestricted grants from AbbVie, Pfizer, Lilly, Novartis, UCB, Janssen and Merck. The COMOSPA study was conducted under the umbrella of ASAS, with unrestricted grants from Abbvie, Pfizer and UCB. The COMEDSPA trial was conducted with an unrestricted grant from Abbvie. The DESIR cohort is conducted with Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP, Paris France) as the sponsor, with the support of unrestricted grants from Pfizer France. The DESIR cohort is conducted under the control of Assistance publique Hopitaux de Paris via the Clinical Research Unit Paris Centre and under the umbrella of the French Society of Rheumatology and Institut national de la sante et de la recherche medicale (Inserm). Database management was performed within the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Dr Pascale FABBRO-PERAY, D.I.M., and Nımes, France). We also thank the investigators: Pr Maxime Dougados, Pr André Kahan, Dr Julien Wipff and Dr Anna Molto (Paris-Cochin), Pr Olivier Meyer, Pr Philippe Dieudé (Paris-Bichat), Pr Pierre Bourgeois, Pr Laure Gossec (Paris-La Pitie-Salpétriere), Pr Francis Berenbaum (Paris-Saint-Antoine), Pr Pascal Claudepierre (Creteil), Pr Maxime Breban, Pr Maria-Antonietta D’Agostino, Pr Félicie Costantino (Boulogne-Billancourt), Pr Michel De Bandt, Dr Bernadette Saint-Marcoux (Aulnay-sous-Bois), Pr Philippe Goupille (Tours), Pr Jean-Françis Maillefert (Dijon), Pr Xavier Puechal, Dr Emmanuelle Dernis (Le Mans), Pr Daniel Wendling, Pr Clément Prati (Besançon), Pr Bernard Combe, Pr Cédric Lukas (Montpellier), Pr Liana Euller-Ziegler, Pr Véronique Breuil (Nice), Pr Pascal Richette (Paris Lariboisière), Pr Pierre Lafforgue, Pr Thao Pham (Marseille), Pr Patrice Fardellone, Dr Patrick Boumier, Dr Pauline Lasselin (Amiens), Pr Jean-Michel Ristori, Pr Martin Soubrier, Pr Anne Tournadre (Clermont-Ferrand), Dr Nadia Mehsen (Bordeaux), Pr Damien Loeuille (Nancy), Pr Rene-Marc Flipo (Lille), Pr Alain Saraux (Brest), Pr Corinne Miceli, Dr Stephan Pavy (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Pr Alain Cantagrel, Pr Adeline Ruyssen-Witrand (Toulouse), Pr Olivier Vittecoq, Pr Thierry Lequerre (Rouen).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris, France

    Juliette Drouet, Benjamin Granger, Bruno Fautrel & Laure Gossec

  2. Reina Sofia University Hospital, IMIBIC, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Espagne

    Clementina López-Medina

  3. Public Health Department, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France

    Benjamin Granger

  4. Rheumatology Department, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France

    Bruno Fautrel & Laure Gossec

  5. Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Zuyderland Medical Center Heerlen, Heerlen, The Netherlands

    Robert B. M. Landewe

  6. Rheumatology Department, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France

    Anna Molto & Maxime Dougados

  7. INSERM U-1183, CRESS, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France

    Anna Molto & Maxime Dougados

  8. IDESP Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Rheumatology Department, CHU Nîmes, Montpellier, France

    Cécile Gaujoux-Viala

  9. Ruhr Universität Bochum, and Rheumazentrum Ruhrgebiet, Herne, Germany

    Uta Kiltz

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  1. Juliette Drouet
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  2. Clementina López-Medina
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  3. Benjamin Granger
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  5. Robert B. M. Landewe
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  8. Uta Kiltz
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  9. Maxime Dougados
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  10. Laure Gossec
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Juliette Drouet.

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Conflict of interests

JD, CLM, BF, MD, CGV declare that they have no competing interests relevant to this study. Benjamin Granger has received consultancy fees from MSD, and Boston scientific. Robert Landewé: Speaker fees/honoraria or research support from AbbVie, Eli-Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer and UCB. Anna Molto: Speaker honoraria/participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Biogen, Janssen, Lilly, Gilead, Galapagos, Pfizer and UCB; Research grants from Pfizer and UCB. Uta Kiltz: Dr. Kiltz has received grant and research support and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Biocad, Biogen, BMS, Chugai, Eli Lilly, Fresenius, Gilead, Grünenthal, GSK, Hexal, Janssen, MSD, Novartis, onkowissen.de, Pfizer, Roche, UCB and Viatris. Laure Gossec: research grants: AbbVie, Biogen, Lilly, Novartis, UCB; consulting fees: AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celltrion, Galapagos, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, UCB.

Ethical approval

Ethical approvals were obtained from CPP Ile de France III for DESIR (2007, number P070302), COMEDSPA (2014, number 2014-A01215-42), and COMOSPA (2012, number 2012-A01357-36). For PERSPA, ethics approvals were obtained from local ethical committees. Argentina: Comité de Docencia e Investigaciones Hospital de Clinicas Dr. Nicolás Avellaneda; Canada: Health Reserach Ethics Board University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services; Chile: Comité ético-Científico Servicio Salud Metropolitano Sur Oriente; China: Ethics committee Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University; Colombia: Comité de Ética en Investigación del Hospital Militar Central; Egypt: Research Ethics Committee Cairo University Faculty of Medicine; France: Comité de protection des personnes Ile de France III; Germany: Ethics Committee from the medical council Westphalia-Lippe and the Westphalian Wilhelms University; Hungary: Ethics Committee Semmelweis Egyetem Hospital; India: NHL Institutional Review Board (NHLIRB). SMT NHL Municipal Medical College; Italy: Comitato Etico Pavia; Japan: Ethics Committee St Luke’s International University; Lebanon: Comité d’éthique Hotel-Dieu de France; Mexico: Comité de Investigación Hospital General de México Eduardo Liceaga; Morocco: Comité d’Éthique pour la Recherche Biomédicale de Rabat; The Netherlands: Commissie Medische Ethiek Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum; Portugal: Comissão de Ética para a Saúde do Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental; Romania: Comisia de Etica UMF Iuliu Hatieganu Cluj Napoca; South Korea: Ethics Committee Chonnam National University Medical School from Gwangju; Spain: Comité de Ética de la Investigación con Medicamentos, Hospital Universitario La Paz; Taiwan: Chang Gung Medical Foundation Institutional Review Board; Turkey: Marmara University School of Medicine Clinical Research Ethics Committee; USA: Metrohealth Institutional Revew Board. Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects before enrollment in all studies.

Related congress abstract

This work was previously presented in the ACR congress in 2023: Drouet J, López Medina C, Granger B, Fautrel B, Molto A, Gaujoux Viala C, Kiltz U, Dougados M, Gossec L. Disease Activity and Widespread Pain Are the 2 Key Drivers of Global Health in Axial Spondyloarthritis, with Similar Findings in Different Patient Populations: An Analysis of 4 Databases and 6064 Patients [abstract]. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2023; 75 (suppl 9). https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/disease-activity-and-widespread-pain-are-the-2-key-drivers-of-global-health-in-axial-spondyloarthritis-with-similar-findings-in-different-patient-populations-an-analysis-of-4-databases-and-6064-pati/. Accessed February 22, 2024.

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Drouet, J., López-Medina, C., Granger, B. et al. Disease activity and widespread pain are main contributors to patient-reported global health in axial spondyloarthritis: an analysis of 6064 patients. Rheumatol Int (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-024-05576-7

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