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Prevalence of osteoarthritis in former elite athletes: a systematic overview of the recent literature

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to systematically review the recent scientific literature to explore the prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) in former elite athletes from team and individual sports. A systematic review of observational studies was conducted. Based on three categories of keywords (and synonyms), a sensitive search strategy was built in order to search MEDLINE and SPORTDiscus from 2000 to 2014. The data from included studies presenting a prevalence rate of OA as an outcome measure were extracted using a standardised extraction form, and their methodological quality was described. Fifteen studies were identified through our search strategy, studies being rather heterogeneous with regard to their study population and to the definition and assessment of OA. Hip OA ranged from 2 to 60 %, and knee OA from 16 to 95 %. Prevalence rates of general, lower limbs or hip/knee OA ranged from 1 to 59 %. Prevalence of neck, back, shoulder and ankle OA was reported only in single studies (16, 18, 33 and 3 %, respectively). This study showed that prevalence of OA, especially in their lower limbs, seems to be high among former elite athletes from team and individual sports compared to the general population and other occupational sectors.

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Acknowledgments

There are no additional acknowledgements to make. This project did not receive any financial assistance.

Conflict of interest

The authors have no competing interests to disclose.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Vincent Gouttebarge & Gino Kerkhoffs

  2. World Players’ Union (FIFPro), Scorpius 161, 2132 LR, Hoofddorp, The Netherlands

    Vincent Gouttebarge

  3. Dutch Association for Sports Medicine, Bilthoven, The Netherlands

    Han Inklaar

  4. Department of Rehabilitation, Nursing Science and Sports, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Frank Backx

Authors
  1. Vincent Gouttebarge
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  2. Han Inklaar
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  3. Frank Backx
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  4. Gino Kerkhoffs
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vincent Gouttebarge.

Appendices

Appendix 1: Search strategy

MEDLINE (via PubMed):

# 1 = former professional athlete*[tiab] OR sports[MeSH] OR sport*[tiab] OR professional sport*[tiab] OR elite sport*[tiab] OR top level sport*[tiab] OR elite athlete*[tiab] OR professional athlete*[tiab] OR top athlete*[tiab] OR elite player*[tiab] OR professional player*[tiab] OR top level player*[tiab].

#2 = osteoarthritis[MeSH] OR osteoarthr*[tiab].

#3 = prevalence[MeSH] OR prevalence* OR epidemiology[MeSH] OR epidemiologic studies[MeSH].

#4 = #1 AND #2 AND #3.

SPORTDiscus (via EBCOhost):

#1 = former athlete* OR former player*.

#2 = osteoarthr*.

#3 = #1 AND #2.

Appendix 2: Results of search strategy

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Gouttebarge, V., Inklaar, H., Backx, F. et al. Prevalence of osteoarthritis in former elite athletes: a systematic overview of the recent literature. Rheumatol Int 35, 405–418 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-014-3093-0

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