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Fabrication and characterization of poly(methyl methacrylate) composite nanofibers incorporated with zinc oxide and bismuth oxide nanoparticles and investigation of antibacterial activity

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Abstract

In this study, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle (NP) and bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) nanoparticles were synthesized by the thermal decomposition method. Different amounts of each NP (1% W/V, 3% W/V, and 5% W/V) were used separately to combine with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) to prepare composite nanofibers using a simple, fast, and cost-effective electrospinning method. Characterization of NPs and nanofibers was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine morphology and size, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) to check chemical structure, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to study functional groups, X-ray diffraction (XRD) to evaluate crystal structure, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) to show size and distribution size. According to the results, a mixture of 3% ZnO NPs and 3% Bi2O3 NPs incorporated in PMMA was selected as the best nanofiber due to smooth and fine morphology without any knot or adhesion with low diameter distributions. Based on the Debye–Scherrer equation, the average size was obtained for ZnO NPs, Bi2O3 NPs, and PMMA congaing 3% W/V ZnO NPs and 3% W/V Bi2O3 NP as 32.93, 76.82, and 21.52 nm, respectively. The hydrophilicity test was performed by measuring the contact angle of PMMA, PMMA congaing 3% W/V ZnO NPs, PMMA congaing 3% W/V Bi2O3 NPs, PMMA congaing 3% W/V ZnO NPs and 3% W/V Bi2O3 NPs, which were obtained 132.56°, 74.13°, 128.24°, and 132.70°, respectively. The result the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) show that PMMA congaing 3% W/V ZnO NPs, PMMA congaing 3% W/V Bi2O3 NPs can be inhibiting Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria. The fabricated composite nanofibers have good potential for the treatment of skin infections, tissue engineering, and biomedical and industrial applications as a transdermal antibacterial patch.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Dr. Farzad Rahmani for editing the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nanochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Saghar Setayeshi

  2. Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Negar Motakef Kazemi

  3. Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Hakimeh Ziyadi

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Setayeshi, S., Motakef Kazemi, N. & Ziyadi, H. Fabrication and characterization of poly(methyl methacrylate) composite nanofibers incorporated with zinc oxide and bismuth oxide nanoparticles and investigation of antibacterial activity. Polym. Bull. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-024-05207-y

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