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Novel hybrid scaffold for improving the wound repair process: evaluation of combined chitosan/eggshell/vitamin D scaffold for wound healing

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Abstract

The current design requirement of cutaneous wound healing is an ideal wound dressing via biodegradable property through which fibroblasts can support, migrate and proliferate. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the synthesized hybrid scaffold based on chitosan polymer and a natural source of calcium (Ca) and vitamin D on wound healing. To achieve this purpose, three scaffolds include in chitosan (CS), eggshell + chitosan (ES/CS) and chitosan + eggshell + vitamin D (CS/ES/Vit D) were fabricated using the freeze-drying approach. Synthesized scaffolds were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and MTT assay. Histological examinations of the wound healing were performed using hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome staining methods on different days in the rat full-thickness skin wound model. Finally, the effect of the synthesized scaffold was evaluated on the TGF-β1 gene expression. The results of the scaffold characterization showed that scaffolds have the homogeneity structure. The MTT assay indicated that the cultured fibroblasts on the ES/CS and Vit D/ES/CS scaffold had viability higher than those cultured on CS. Also, histological studies demonstrated an increased effect on epithelialization and collagen production and accelerated wound healing using designed scaffolds. The TGF-β1 gene expression in all scaffolds was not significantly different between test groups and controls. In general, it can be concluded that the synthesized scaffolds have the potential to accelerate wound healing and can be used as a suitable scaffold in wound management and skin regeneration.

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Acknowledgment

We gratefully acknowledge the Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science for financial support (Grant NO: 12821).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Science, Faculty of Advanced Science & Technology, Pharmaceutical Science Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Azam Deilami

  2. Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran

    Zahra Niknam & Hakimeh Zali

  3. Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

    Ali Golchin

  4. School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Vahid Niazi & Hakimeh Zali

  5. School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Wisconsin, USA

    Meisam Omidi

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  1. Azam Deilami
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  2. Zahra Niknam
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  3. Ali Golchin
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  4. Vahid Niazi
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Correspondence to Hakimeh Zali.

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Ethical approval

Ethical approvals for this study was given by Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (registered at ethical committee of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science NO. IR.SBMU.REC.1396.239).

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Deilami, A., Niknam, Z., Golchin, A. et al. Novel hybrid scaffold for improving the wound repair process: evaluation of combined chitosan/eggshell/vitamin D scaffold for wound healing. Polym. Bull. 79, 3971–3986 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-021-03692-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-021-03692-z

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