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On the effects of high loading of ZnO nanofiller on the structural, optical, impedance and dielectric features of PVA@ZnO nanocomposite films

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Abstract

Unabated interests are being globally expressed on the evaluation of ZnO-filled polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposite films because of their prospects in optical, electrical, medical fields, etc. Nevertheless, this communication describes the fabrication of pore-free and freestanding nanocomposite films with PVA matrix and various high loading levels (5, 10 and 15 wt%) of ZnO as a filler by conventional solution-casting method. The filler ZnO powder was custom synthesised by a novel starch-assisted combustion (SAC) method. The films were characterized by various techniques to exemplify interesting modifications on incorporating the ZnO filler synthesized by SAC route. XRD confirms the increasing amorphous propensity of the PVA@ZnO films with increasing filler loading. FTIR implies the development of molecular complex of the polymer with the filler. Conductivity of the composites evaluated from impedance measurements depends on the morphology and amorphousity of the films. Decreasing trend in the real part of dielectric permittivity (Ɛ’) with increasing frequency as well filler loading was obvious. Optical band gap energy decreases with ZnO loading. A high loading of ZnO results in unique morphologies which are hitherto not observed an aspect which may be required for morphology-dependant applications. Therefore, the work evinces that by integrating PVA with high-loaded ZnO yields stable films with impressive conductivity and dielectric property bestowed with unique morphology, thereby revealing prospects in electromagnetic induction (EMI) and microwave absorption and shielding applications further to the known applications like in catalysis, antibacterials, optics and sensors.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank The management of Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, for the encouragement to carry out this fundamental research at DDE. We express our gratitude to the experts at various Hi-end Institutes for characterizing the samples. The authors sincerely thank the reviewers for the positive critical evaluation and suggestions on the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, DDE, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, Tamil Nadu, India

    A. Muthupandeeswari & P. Kalyani

  2. Department of Medical Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India

    L. C. Nehru

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  1. A. Muthupandeeswari
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  3. L. C. Nehru
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Correspondence to P. Kalyani.

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Muthupandeeswari, A., Kalyani, P. & Nehru, L.C. On the effects of high loading of ZnO nanofiller on the structural, optical, impedance and dielectric features of PVA@ZnO nanocomposite films. Polym. Bull. 78, 7071–7088 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-020-03443-6

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