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Evaluation of Mycotoxin Production and Phytopathogenicity of the Entomopathogenic Fungi Fusarium caatingaense and F. pernambucanum from Brazil

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Abstract

Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC) is considered as one of the richest insecticolous species. Fusarium species synthesize toxic secondary metabolites that are not fully understood. Mycotoxin production and pathogenicity on germinating seeds, seedlings, and leaves must be carefully studied for the use of Fusarium species in the biological control of insect pests. In this study, we evaluated the mycotoxin production and phytopathogenic potential of entomopathogenic strains of Fusarium sulawesiensis (1), F. pernambucanum (3), and F. caatingaense (23). The phytopathogenicity tests of F. caatingaense (URM 6776, URM 6777, URM 6778, URM 6779, and URM 6782) were performed during the development of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, Vigna unguiculata, and Phaseolus lunatus), and corn (Zea mays) seedlings, using four treatments (soil infestation with the inoculum, spraying on leaves, root dip, and negative control). The mycotoxins, monoacetyl-deoxynivalenols (AcDON), deoxynivalenol (DON), beauvericin (BEA), fusarenone-X (FUS), T-2 toxin (T2), diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), and zearalenone (ZEA), were detected in the study; BEA (detected in 25 strains) and FUS (detected in 21 strains) were found to be predominant. None of the strains showed any ability to cause disease or virulence in beans and corn. The FIESC strains showed a highly variable production of mycotoxins without the potential to be used as phytopathogenic agents for the cultures tested.

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Acknowledgements

The authors sincerely thank the Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos (UFPE), the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES—Programa Nacional de Pós-Doutorado/Post-Doctorate grant given to the first author [Grant Number 88882.306291/2018-01]), and the Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia de Pernambuco (FACEPE), Brazil for providing scholarships or financial support. We sincerely thank to all members of the Micoteca URM, especially Eliane Barbosa (MSc) and Dr. Renan Barbosa.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil

    Marília de H. C. Maciel, Ana Cláudia T. do Amaral, Cristina M. de Souza-Motta, Patricia Vieira Tiago & Neiva Tinti de Oliveira

  2. Central Analítica, Centro de Tecnologias Estratégicas do Nordeste (CETENE), Recife, PE, Brazil

    Túlio Diego da Silva

  3. Setor de Micologia, Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública (IPTSP), Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil

    Jadson D. P. Bezerra

  4. Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil

    Antonio Félix da Costa

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  1. Marília de H. C. Maciel
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  2. Ana Cláudia T. do Amaral
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Contributions

MHCM, NTO, and PVT implemented the project; MHCM, TDS, and CMSM performed the mycotoxin detection; MHC, ACTA, and AFC designed the experiment and analyzed the results of phytopathogenicity; MHCM and JDPB wrote the paper. All the authors reviewed the final version of the paper.

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Correspondence to Marília de H. C. Maciel.

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de H. C. Maciel, M., do Amaral, A.C.T., da Silva, T.D. et al. Evaluation of Mycotoxin Production and Phytopathogenicity of the Entomopathogenic Fungi Fusarium caatingaense and F. pernambucanum from Brazil. Curr Microbiol 78, 1218–1226 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-021-02387-y

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