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Actinobacteria Associated with Vineyard Soils of Algeria: Classification, Antifungal Potential Against Grapevine Trunk Pathogens and Plant Growth-Promoting Features

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Abstract

Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) are among the most destructive diseases of vineyards worldwide, including Algeria. In the fungal complex involved in GTD symptoms, referred as grapevine trunk-pathogens, Paeomoniella chlamydospora and Phaeoacremonium minimum have a determining infecting role as pioneer fungi. Due to the lack of efficiency of conventional disease management practices, a search for alternative strategies, such as biocontrol, is needed. Taking the approach of looking for biocontrol candidates in the environment surrounding the plant, the present study explored actinobacteria diversity within vineyard soils of six grape-producing regions in Algeria. Based on their 16S rRNA gene sequence, identification and phylogenic analysis were performed on the 40 isolates of actinobacteria obtained. Forty percent of strains were attached to Streptomyces, including two evidenced new species, and 32.5% were affiliated to Saccharothrix. The other less represented genera were Actinoplanes, Nocardia, Nocardiopsis, Lentzea, Nonomuraea, Promicromonospora, Saccharopolyspora and Streptosporangium. Screening based on antagonistic and plant growth promotion (PGP) abilities of the strains showed that 47.5% of the isolates exhibited appreciable antagonistic activities against both Pa. chlamydospora and Pm. minimum, with the two best strains being Streptomyces sp. Ms18 and Streptomyces sp. Sb11. Screening for plant growth promoting properties demonstrated that majority of the strains were able to produce indole acetic acid, siderophores, ammonia, ACC deaminase, cellulase and amylase, and fix N2. Through a PGP-traits-based cluster analysis, the most interesting strains were highlighted. Taking into account both antagonistic and PGP properties, Streptomyces sp Sb11 was selected as the most promising candidate for further evaluations of its efficiency in a GTDs context.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the late Prof. Sabaou N (LBSM, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, Algiers, Algeria) for great help in isolation and taxonomic analysis of actinobacteria. This work was also supported by EFRR “Multidisciplinary research to increase application potential of nanomaterials in agricultural practice” (No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_025/0007314).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens (LBSM), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, Algiers, Algeria

    Affaf Laassami, Amine Yekkour, Atika Meklat, Nadjette Djemouai, Abdelghani Zitouni, Salim Mokrane & Akila Berraf-Tebbal

  2. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique D’Algérie, B.P. 37, Algiers, Algeria

    Amine Yekkour

  3. Département de Biologie et Physiologie Cellulaire, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de La Vie, Université Saad Dahleb de Blida 1, Blida, Algeria

    Atika Meklat

  4. UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble (SAVE), INRA, ISVV, 33140, Villenave d’Ornon, France

    Pascal Lecomte & Patrice Rey

  5. Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendeleum-Institute of Genetics, Valticka, 334, 69144, Lednice, Czech Republic

    Akila Berraf-Tebbal

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Contributions

AM, AB-T and AY conceived and managed the project. AL and ND performed the experiments. AZ, SM and AY analyzed and computed the data. PR and PL assisted the isolation of GTD-related fungal pathogens with facilities supply and technical advising. All authors contributed to the data collection. AL, AM, and AY drafted the manuscript which was critically reviewed by all of the authors.

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Correspondence to Atika Meklat.

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Laassami, A., Yekkour, A., Meklat, A. et al. Actinobacteria Associated with Vineyard Soils of Algeria: Classification, Antifungal Potential Against Grapevine Trunk Pathogens and Plant Growth-Promoting Features. Curr Microbiol 77, 2831–2840 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-020-02097-x

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