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Comprehensive analysis of orbital lymphoma in a Turkish cohort: clinical characteristics, histological subtypes, treatment modalities, prognostic factors, and implications for management

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Summary

The study analysed the clinical characteristics, treatment approaches, and survival outcomes of 97 consecutive patients with orbital lymphoma (OL) over a 25-year period at. The median age of the patients was 57.6 years, and 59.8% (n = 58) were male. Marginal zone lymphoma constitutes the most prevalent subtype, accounting for 67% of cases, whereas other common subtypes include diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, and T-cell lymphomas. Unilateral involvement was observed in the majority of cases (72.3%). Common clinical presentations included mass (30.9%), swelling (26.8%), and epiphora (11.3%). Of the patients, 7.2% received rituximab alone, 14.4% received radiotherapy alone, 48.5% received chemotherapy, 27.8% received radiotherapy plus rituximab, 22.7% received radiotherapy plus chemotherapy, and 5.2% underwent surgery as the first-line treatment. During a median follow-up of 4.3 years, 15.5% of patients experienced relapse or disease progression. The 5-year and 10-year progression-free survival rates were 84.1% and 79.1%, respectively. This study contributes to our understanding of OLs and provides a foundation for further investigations in this field. Male gender, presence of B symptoms, advanced stage, secondary orbital lymphoma, aggressive histological subtype, and elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase levels were associated with poorer (either inferior or worse) progression-free survival.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank all faculty members of the Department of Radiation Oncology, Hacettepe University Medical School, for their continuous support in the evaluation and treatment of cases with orbital lymphomas.

Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sector.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey

    Arif Akyildiz, Serkan Akin & Ibrahim Barista

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey

    Rashad Ismayilov & Mert Tokatli

  3. Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey

    Nargiz Rustamova, Irem Koc & Hayyam Kiratli

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  1. Arif Akyildiz
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  2. Rashad Ismayilov
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  4. Mert Tokatli
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  6. Serkan Akin
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  7. Hayyam Kiratli
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Contributions

Conceptualization, A.A. and H.K.; Formal analysis, A.A.; R.I.; and S.A.; Funding acquisition, H.K.; Investigation, A.A., N.R., M.T., and I.K.; Methodology, A.A., R.I. and S.A.; Project administration, A.A.; Resources, S.A. and H.K.; Supervision, H.K., and I.B; Validation, I.K. and S.A.; Visualization, R.I.; Writing-original draft, A.A.; Writing-review & editing, R.I., S.A., H.K., and I.B. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rashad Ismayilov.

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Akyildiz, A., Ismayilov, R., Rustamova, N. et al. Comprehensive analysis of orbital lymphoma in a Turkish cohort: clinical characteristics, histological subtypes, treatment modalities, prognostic factors, and implications for management. Ann Hematol 103, 905–915 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-023-05569-9

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