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Higher expression of programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) in acute myeloid leukemia is associated with better prognosis after chemotherapy

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Abstract

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common heterogeneous malignancy. Novel molecular markers aid diagnosis, patient sub-categorization, and optimal clinical decisions. Here, we explored the prognostic implications associated with the expression of the programmed cell death (PDCD) family of molecules in AML patients. Based on the findings from the TCGA and OHSU cohorts, we observed that the mRNA abundance of PDCD4 is significantly higher compared to other molecules within the PDCD family. Furthermore, high expression of PDCD4 was associated with predicted long-term patient survival in diagnosed AML patients. In the chemotherapy group, patients with high PDCD4 expression showed a tendency toward longer overall survival (OS) (P = 0.0266) and event-free survival (EFS) (P = 0.0008). High PDCD4 levels served as a favorable independent predictor for both OS and EFS in AML patients. However, subgroup analyses in the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) group revealed no significant difference in OS or EFS between individuals with high and low PDCD4 expression. Furthermore, in the low PDCD4 expression group, AML patients who underwent HSCT experienced improved survival outcomes (P = 0.0015), helping to mitigate the unfavorable prognosis associated with PDCD4 downregulation. Conversely, in the high PDCD4 expression group, HSCT offered a notable short-term survival advantage, while patients with high PDCD4 expression responded favorably to long-term survival through chemotherapy. Biological function enrichment showed that the expression of PDCD4 was correlated with complement and coagulation cascades, cell receptor signaling pathways, and cholesterol metabolism. The findings from this study will aid in better categorizing heterogeneous AML patients and guiding more appropriate clinical decision-making.

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Data availability

The data are available from The Cancer Genome Atlas (https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/) and Oregon Health and Science University (https://www.cbioportal.org/).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, China

    Hongwei Tang, Ying Chen, Nan Zhang, Jianchuan Deng & Kang Zhou

  2. Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430061, China

    Nan Zhang

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Correspondence to Jianchuan Deng or Kang Zhou.

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Hongwei Tang and Ying Chen have contributed equally to this work.

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Tang, H., Chen, Y., Zhang, N. et al. Higher expression of programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) in acute myeloid leukemia is associated with better prognosis after chemotherapy. Ann Hematol 102, 3401–3412 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-023-05516-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-023-05516-8

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