Abstract
With tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients are achieving similar rates of survival to the general population and some treatment aspects such as adherence and drug-to-drug interactions (DDI) are becoming increasingly important. Our aim was to investigate the frequency and real clinical consequences of DDI between TKI and concurrent medications in CML. We performed a retrospective multicenter study including 105 patients receiving 134 TKI treatments. Sixty-three patients (60%) had at least one potential DDI. The mean number of concomitant medications was 4.8 (0–19). The mean number of DDI by TKI treatment was 1.2 (0–8); it increased with the number of concomitant medications and age in a significant manner. A total of 159 DDI were detected, involving 55 different drugs. The most common drug classes involved were proton pump inhibitors, statins, and antidepressants. A DDI-related clinical effect (toxicity and/or lack of efficacy) was suspected during the common course of patient follow-up in only five patients (4.7%). This number increased to 20% when data were centrally reviewed. Most of the adverse events (AE) attributed to DDIs were mild. The most common were diarrhea, vomiting, edema, cramps, and transaminitis. Nilotinib and dasatinib showed a tendency towards a higher risk of DDI compared with imatinib. There were no significant differences in AE frequency or in treatment response between patients with or without DDI. Due to their frequency, and their potential to cause clinically relevant effects, DDI are an important aspect of CML management.
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This collaborative study was performed in 15 centers within the framework of the Spanish CML Group. It was approved by the Spanish Drug Agency, and the institutional Research Ethics Committees. All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of these national and institutional Committees, and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008. Due to the retrospective nature of the study, with no interventions, formal informed consent was not considered necessary by the aforementioned Committees for approval.
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Osorio, S., Escudero-Vilaplana, V., Gómez-Centurión, I. et al. Drug-to-drug interactions of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in chronic myeloid leukemia patients. Is it a real problem?. Ann Hematol 97, 2089–2098 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-018-3413-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-018-3413-7