Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Evaluation of olfactory bulbus volume and olfactory sulcus depth by 3 T MR

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate olfactory bulbus volume (OBV) and olfactory sulcus depth (OSD) according to age and sex with 3 T MRI in a healthy Turkish population.

Materials and methods

In the current study, 200 patients who had cranial MRI were retrospectively evaluated. They were divided into the following groups to examine the effects of age: group 1: 18–30 years old; group 2: 31–40 years old; group 3: 41–50 years old; group 4: 51–60 years old; and group 5: >60 years old. OBV and OSD measurements were performed on coronal T2-weighted brain MR images. The mean right and left olfactory bulb volume and sulcus depths were used for evaluation.

Results

The mean age was 46.5 ± 18.1 (range 18-86) years. The mean OBV value of both sides was 91.17 ± 7.8 mm 3 in all patients. The mean OSD value of both sides was 8.62 ± 0.84 mm in all patients. There was no statistically significant difference in OBV and OSD between sexes (P < 0.236; P < 0.482). Group 5 (>60 years old) was found to have significantly lower OBV and OSD values than the other groups (all P < 0.001).

Conclusion

The normal values of OBV and OSD should be established according to age to determine decreased OBV and OSD values.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Asal N, Muluk NB, Inal M, Şahan MH, Doğan A, Buturak SV (2018) Olfactory bulbus volume and olfactory sulcus depth in psychotic patients and patients with anxiety disorder/depression. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 275:3017–3024

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Attems J, Walker L, Jellinger KA (2015) Olfaction and aging: a mini-review. Gerontology 61:485–490

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Buschhüter D, Smitka M, Psuchmann S et al (2008) Correlation between olfactory bulb volume and olfactory function. Neuroimage 42:498–502

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Chung MS, Choi WR, Jeong HY, Lee JH, Kim JH (2018) MRI maging-based evaluations of olfactory bulb atrophy in patients with olfactory dysfunction. Am J Neuroradiol 39:532–537

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Doğan A, Muluk NB, Asal N, Şahan MH, Inal M, Gündüz Ö, Arıkan OK (2018) Olfactory bulb volume and olfactory sulcus depth in patients with Behçet’s diseas. J Laryngol Otol 132:1088–1092

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Hang W, Liu G, Han T, Zhang J, Zhang Q (2015) A correlation study on olfactory bulb volumes with ages and olfactory function in healthy adults. Chinese J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg 50:744–748

    Google Scholar 

  7. Held P, Seitz J, Fründ R, Nitz WR, Haffke T, Hees H, Bonkowsky V (2000) MRI detection of olfactory bulb and tract. J Neuroradiol 27:112–118

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Hummel T, Urbig A, Huart C, Duprez T, Rombaux P (2015) Volume of olfactory bulb and depth of olfactory sulcus in 378 consecutive patients with olfactory loss. J Neurol 262:1046–1051

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Hummel T, Smitka M, Puschmann S, Gerber JC, Schaal B, Buschhüter D (2011) Correlation between olfactory bulb volume and olfactory function in children and adolescents. Exp Brain Res 214:285–291

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Kass MD, Czarnecki LA, McGann JP (2018) Stable olfactory sensory neuron in vivo physiology during normal aging. Neurobiol Aging 69:33–37

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Leboucq N, Champfleur N, Champfleur S, Bonafé A (2013) The olfactory systems. Diagn Int Imaging 94:985–991

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Mueller A, Rodewald A, Reden J, Gerber J, von Kummer R, Hummel T (2005) Reduced olfactory bulb volume in post-traumatic and post-infectious olfactory dysfunction. Neuro Report 16:475–478

    Google Scholar 

  13. Paschen L, Schmidt N, Wolff S, Cnyrim C, van Eimeren T, Zeuner KE, Deuschl G, Witt K (2015) The olfactory bulb volume in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. Eur J Neurol 22:1068–1073

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Rombaux Ph, Duprez T, Hummel T (2009) Olfactory bulb volume in the clinical assessment of olfactory dysfunction. Rhinology 47:3–9

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Rottstaedt F, Weidner K, Hummel T, Croy I (2018) Pre-aging of the olfactory bulb in major depression with high comorbidity of mental disorders. Front Aging Neurosci 10:354

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Seubert J, Freiherr J, Frasnelli J, Hummel T, Lundström JN (2013) Orbitofrontal cortex and olfactory bulb volume predict distinct aspects of olfactory performance in healthy subjects. Cereb Cortex 23:2448–2456

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Wang JH, You JF, Liu DF, Ni DF, Zhang ZX, Guan J (2011) Association of olfactory bulb volume and olfactory sulcus depth with olfactory function in patients with parkinson disease. Am J Neuroradiol 32:677–681

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Wang J, You H, Zhang ZX, Guan J, Chen XM, Liu JF, Yang DH, Shang YY, Zhu YY, Zou QJ, Gao ZQ, Ni DF (2009) MRI features of olfactory bulb volume in healthy middle and oldaged persons. Chinese J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg 44:1006–1009

    Google Scholar 

  19. Yu H, Hang W, Zhang J, Liu G (2015) Olfactory function in patients with Alzheimer’ disease. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 29:444–447

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Zhang Q, Liu G, Hang W (2014) Olfactory bulb volume and depth of olfactory sulcus in patients with allergic rhinitis. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 28:1956–1960

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Medicine, Muğla, Turkey

    Neşat Çullu, İbrahim Önder Yeniçeri, Bünyamin Güney & Murat Yunus Özdemir

  2. Department of Anatomy, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Medicine, Muğla, Turkey

    İlkay Koşar

Authors
  1. Neşat Çullu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. İbrahim Önder Yeniçeri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Bünyamin Güney
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Murat Yunus Özdemir
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. İlkay Koşar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

NC: Protocol/project development, manuscript writing, İÖY: Source search, BG: Data collection and processin g, MYÖ: Data collection and processing, İK: Data analysis.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Neşat Çullu.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no confict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Çullu, N., Yeniçeri, İ.Ö., Güney, B. et al. Evaluation of olfactory bulbus volume and olfactory sulcus depth by 3 T MR. Surg Radiol Anat 42, 1113–1118 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-020-02484-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-020-02484-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation