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Impact of Gender-Role Attitudes and Mental Health on Hostile Sexism and Acceptance of Cosmetic Surgery

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Abstract

Background

Each year, tens of thousands of people worldwide choose to undergo cosmetic surgery in order to alter their appearance. In recent years, young people have gradually emerged to comprise the main driving force behind the increasing demand for cosmetic surgery. Previous studies have found that sexism may motivate young people to undergo such surgeries. However, few studies have been conducted to determine if this psychological mechanism influences the acceptance of cosmetic surgery among Chinese university students.

Methods

A total of 579 Chinese university students (280 girls and 299 boys, 17–20 years) volunteered to participate in the online survey. They completed a questionnaire containing the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory, the 12-item General Health Questionnaire, the Gender-Role Attitudes Questionnaire and the Acceptance of Cosmetic Surgery Scale. We firstly evaluated the underlying factor structure of the Acceptance of Cosmetic Surgery Scale using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and exploring pattern of associations between the constructs was analyzed via path analysis.

Results

According to the findings, hostile sexism was associated with greater levels of acceptance toward cosmetic surgery. Moreover, gender-role attitudes mediated the link between hostile sexism and the acceptance of cosmetic surgery, and this mediation was positively influenced by general mental health.

Conclusion

Our study contributes to a deeper understanding of Chinese university students' attitudes toward cosmetic surgery, hostile sexism may contribute to normalizing traditional gender stereotypes and encourage cosmetic surgery acceptability among Chinese university students.

Level of Evidence V

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Data Availability

As the dataset is being used in this research, it is not currently available for sharing. Please contact Lulin Zhang at zll118222@126.com to request access to the dataset.

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Acknowledgments

We appreciate the participants' contribution of their time and data collection.

Funding

This study was funded by The Education and Teaching Reform Project of the Psychology and Education Reference Committee of the Ministry of Education (Grant Number 20221013), the Medical Education Research project of the Chinese Medical Association (Grant Number 2020A-N12063), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant Number 82101588), the Surface project of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant Number ZR2020MC218), the Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Number GJ202002).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Psychology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China

    Lu-Lin Zhang, Lin Sun & Guo-Hua Lu

  2. Office of Student Affairs, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China

    Jin-Hua Dou

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, Shan-ting District People’s Hospital, Zao-Zhuang, China

    Lin Sun

  4. Management Committee of Shan-ting Economic Development Zone, Zao-Zhuang, China

    Lin Sun

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  1. Lu-Lin Zhang
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  4. Guo-Hua Lu
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Correspondence to Lin Sun or Guo-Hua Lu.

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The study was conducted without any financial or business ties that could be construed as potential conflicts of interest

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Zhang, LL., Dou, JH., Sun, L. et al. Impact of Gender-Role Attitudes and Mental Health on Hostile Sexism and Acceptance of Cosmetic Surgery. Aesth Plast Surg (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-024-04028-8

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