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Abdominal adipose tissue in MGUS and multiple myeloma

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Abstract

Objective

To determine abdominal adipose tissue parameters on PET/CT in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and multiple myeloma (MM) that may serve as predictors of progression of MGUS to MM. We hypothesized that patients with MM had higher abdominal adiposity and higher fat metabolic activity compared to patients with MGUS.

Materials and methods

Our retrospective study was IRB approved and HIPAA compliant. The study group comprised 40 patients (mean age 64 ± 13 years) with MGUS and 32 patients (mean age 62 ± 10 years) with recently diagnosed MM (mean time since diagnosis of MM 3.0 ± 3.9 months) who had not undergone MM treatment. All patients underwent whole body FDG-PET/CT. Total abdominal adipose tissue (TAT), abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) cross sectional areas (CSA) (cm2) and metabolic activity (SUV) were assessed. Groups were compared using ANOVA. ROC curve analysis was performed to determine cutoff values for abdominal adipose tissue parameters to detect MM.

Results

Patients with recently diagnosed MM had higher TAT and SAT CSA (p ≤ 0.03) and higher fat metabolic activity (p < 0.01). VAT metabolic activity showed the highest sensitivity and specificity for identifying patients with MM (area under the curve 0.95 with cutoff value of >0.34, sensitivity 90.6 %, specificity 92.5 %, p < 0.0001).

Conclusions

Patients who were recently diagnosed with MM had higher abdominal fat CSA and higher fat metabolic activity compared to patients with MGUS. These parameters may serve as novel biomarkers of progression of MGUS to MM.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Yawkey 6E, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA

    Joyce Veld, Martin Torriani & Miriam A. Bredella

  2. Division of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA

    Elizabeth K. O’Donnell & Andrew J. Yee

  3. Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, 04074, USA

    Michaela R. Reagan & Clifford J. Rosen

Authors
  1. Joyce Veld
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  2. Elizabeth K. O’Donnell
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  3. Michaela R. Reagan
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  4. Andrew J. Yee
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  5. Martin Torriani
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  6. Clifford J. Rosen
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  7. Miriam A. Bredella
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Miriam A. Bredella.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed consent

Informed consent was waived for individual participants included in the study. The study was approved by the local Institutional Review Board (IRB) and HIPAA compliant.

IRB approval

The study was IRB approved.

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Veld, J., O’Donnell, E.K., Reagan, M.R. et al. Abdominal adipose tissue in MGUS and multiple myeloma. Skeletal Radiol 45, 1277–1283 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-016-2425-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-016-2425-4

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