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Interplay between pathway-specific and global regulation of the fumonisin gene cluster in the rice pathogen Fusarium fujikuroi

  • Applied genetics and molecular biotechnology
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Abstract

The rice pathogenic fungus Fusarium fujikuroi is known to produce a large variety of secondary metabolites. Besides the gibberellins, causing the bakanae effect in infected rice seedlings, the fungus produces several mycotoxins and pigments. Among the 47 putative secondary metabolite gene clusters identified in the genome of F. fujikuroi, the fumonisin gene cluster (FUM) shows very high homology to the FUM cluster of the main fumonisin producer Fusarium verticillioides, a pathogen of maize. Despite the high level of cluster gene conservation, total fumonisin FB1 and FB2 levels (FBx) produced by F. fujikuroi were only 1–10 % compared to F. verticillioides under inducing conditions. Nitrogen repression was found to be relevant for wild-type strains of both species. However, addition of germinated maize kernels activated the FBx production only in F. verticillioides, reflecting the different host specificity of both wild-type strains. Over-expression of the pathway-specific transcription factor Fum21 in F. fujikuroi strongly activated the FUM cluster genes leading to 1000-fold elevated FBx levels. To gain further insights into the nitrogen metabolite repression of FBx biosynthesis, we studied the impact of the global nitrogen regulators AreA and AreB and demonstrated that both GATA-type transcription factors are essential for full activation of the FUM gene cluster. Loss of one of them obstructs the pathway-specific transcription factor Fum21 to fully activate expression of FUM cluster genes.

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Acknowledgments

This work and the research fellowship of Sarah Rösler were supported by funds of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Graduiertenkolleg 1409 (GRK1409, Germany). We thank Henning Harrer, Florian Hübner, and Matthias Behrens for very helpful discussion; Annika Möller-Kerrut for excellent technical assistance; and Melanie Brand for providing FB1. We are very grateful to Brian Williamson for critical reading of the manuscript.

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  1. Christian M. K. Sieber

    Present address: DOE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Food Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 45, 48149, Münster, Germany

    Sarah M. Rösler & Hans-Ulrich Humpf

  2. Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 8, 48143, Münster, Germany

    Sarah M. Rösler & Bettina Tudzynski

  3. Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany

    Christian M. K. Sieber

Authors
  1. Sarah M. Rösler
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  2. Christian M. K. Sieber
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  3. Hans-Ulrich Humpf
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  4. Bettina Tudzynski
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Correspondence to Bettina Tudzynski.

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Rösler, S.M., Sieber, C.M.K., Humpf, HU. et al. Interplay between pathway-specific and global regulation of the fumonisin gene cluster in the rice pathogen Fusarium fujikuroi . Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 100, 5869–5882 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-016-7426-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-016-7426-7

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