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Characterization of the intestinal microbiota and its interaction with probiotics and health impacts

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Abstract

The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is a dynamic microecosystem containing a diversified microbiota of about 500–1000 different microbial species. Humans depend on their intestinal microbiota to carry out vital functions, and thus, equilibrium among intestinal groups of microorganisms is essential. In this review article, the use of traditional and molecular methods is discussed for the characterization of the intestinal microbiota, as well as its interaction with probiotics and their effects on health. An improved knowledge on intestinal microbiota composition and diversity and how changes in this microecosystem can cause or are associated with diseases remains far from being completely understood. Therefore, a better understanding of the GIT microbial populations is crucial, which will certainly contribute to the development of new strategies for the prevention and/or treatment of several diseases. The manipulation of the GIT microbiota by probiotics consumption is an interesting approach to maintain and restore human health.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the financial support provided by CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) and CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - Project 400806/2013-4).

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  1. Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, CEP: 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil

    Carine Nunes de Almada, Caroline Nunes de Almada, Rafael Chacon Ruiz Martinez & Anderson de Souza Sant’Ana

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  1. Carine Nunes de Almada
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de Almada, C.N., Nunes de Almada, C., Martinez, R.C.R. et al. Characterization of the intestinal microbiota and its interaction with probiotics and health impacts. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 99, 4175–4199 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-6582-5

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