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Metagenomics Unveils Microbial Diversity and Their Biogeochemical Roles in Water and Sediment of Thermokarst Lakes in the Yellow River Source Area

  • Microbiology of Aquatic Systems
  • Published:
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Abstract

Thermokarst lakes have long been recognized as biogeochemical hotspots, especially as sources of greenhouse gases. On the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, thermokarst lakes are experiencing extensive changes due to faster warming. For a deep understanding of internal lake biogeochemical processes, we applied metagenomic analyses to investigate the microbial diversity and their biogeochemical roles in sediment and water of thermokarst lakes in the Yellow River Source Area (YRSA). Sediment microbial communities (SMCs) had lower species and gene richness than water microbial communities (WMCs). Bacteria were the most abundant component in both SMCs and WMCs with significantly different abundant genera. The functional analyses showed that both SMCs and WMCs had low potential in methanogenesis but strong in aerobic respiration, nitrogen assimilation, exopolyphosphatase, glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterases, and polyphosphate kinase. Moreover, SMCs were enriched in genes involved in anaerobic carbon fixation, aerobic carbon fixation, fermentation, most nitrogen metabolism pathways, dissimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfide oxidation, polysulfide reduction, 2-phosphonopropionate transporter, and phosphate regulation. WMCs were enriched in genes involved in assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfur mineralization, phosphonoacetate hydrolase, and phosphonate transport. Functional potentials suggest the differences of greenhouse gas emission, nutrient cycling, and living strategies between SMCs and WMCs. This study provides insight into the main biogeochemical processes and their properties in thermokarst lakes in YRSA, improving our understanding of the roles and fates of these lakes in a warming world.

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modified from Lauro et al. (2011) and Llorens-Marès et al. (2020)

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Data Availability

Raw sequence data were submitted to the database of CNCB-NGDC (National Genomics Data Center, China National Center for Bioinformation): https://bigd.big.ac.cn/gsa/browse/CRA004269, CRA004269, PRJCA005279.

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Funding

This study was supported by the start-up funding for the new introduced talents of the Beijing Normal University (28707–111032105) and the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2021A1515010392).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 18 Jinfeng Road, Xiangzhou Distract, Zhuhai, 519087, Guangdong, China

    Ze Ren, Qing Wang, Cheng Zhang & Xia Li

  2. School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China

    Ze Ren, Kang Ma, Qing Wang & Xia Li

  3. College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China

    Xuan Jia

  4. School of Engineering Technology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China

    Cheng Zhang

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  1. Ze Ren
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  5. Cheng Zhang
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  6. Xia Li
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Contributions

Z.R. designed the study, did the analyses, and prepared the manuscript, performed the field work and laboratory work; K.M. did the analyses and laboratory work; all the authors were involved in manuscript preparation.

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Correspondence to Ze Ren.

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Ren, Z., Ma, K., Jia, X. et al. Metagenomics Unveils Microbial Diversity and Their Biogeochemical Roles in Water and Sediment of Thermokarst Lakes in the Yellow River Source Area. Microb Ecol 85, 904–915 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-022-02053-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-022-02053-1

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