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Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Common Adaptation Mechanisms Under Different Stresses for Moderately Piezophilic Bacteria

  • Environmental Microbiology
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Abstract

Piezophiles, by the commonly accepted definition, grow faster under high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) than under ambient pressure and are believed to exist only in pressurized environments where life has adapted to HHP during evolution. However, recent findings suggest that piezophiles have developed a common adaptation strategy to cope with multiple types of stresses including HHP. These results raise a question on the ecological niches of piezophiles: are piezophiles restricted to habitats with HHP? In this study, we observed that the bacterial strains Sporosarcina psychrophila DSM 6497 and Lysinibacillus sphaericus LMG 22257, which were isolated from surface environments and then transferred under ambient pressure for half a century, possess moderately piezophilic characteristics with optimal growth pressures of 7 and 20 MPa, respectively. Their tolerance to HHP was further enhanced by MgCl2 supplementation under the highest tested pressure of 50 MPa. Transcriptomic analysis was performed to compare gene expression with and without MgCl2 supplementation under 50 MPa for S. psychrophila DSM 6497. Among 4390 genes or transcripts obtained, 915 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. These DEGs are primarily associated with the antioxidant defense system, intracellular compatible solute accumulation, and membrane lipid biosynthesis, which have been reported to be essential for cells to cope with HHP. These findings indicate no in situ pressure barrier for piezophile isolation, and cells may adopt a common adaptation strategy to cope with different stresses.

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Funding

This study was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2018YFC0309800) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 41776173, 41530967, 91951117, and 41921006).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

    Han Wang, Yu Zhang & Xiang Xiao

  2. School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

    Yu Zhang

  3. State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

    Yu Zhang & Xiang Xiao

  4. Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

    Douglas H. Bartlett

  5. Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China

    Xiang Xiao

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  1. Han Wang
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Contributions

HW, YZ, and XX were involved in experimental design. HW conducted the experimental procedure and analyzed the data. HW, YZ, and XX wrote the manuscript. DB made comments and suggestions to improve the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Yu Zhang.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Data Accessibility

All sequence reads have been deposited in the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra) and are accessible through Bioproject accession number PRJNA577046.

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Wang, H., Zhang, Y., Bartlett, D.H. et al. Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Common Adaptation Mechanisms Under Different Stresses for Moderately Piezophilic Bacteria. Microb Ecol 81, 617–629 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-020-01609-3

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