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Structural and Functional Changes of Groundwater Bacterial Community During Temperature and pH Disturbances

  • Environmental Microbiology
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Abstract

In this study, we report the characteristics of a microbial community in sampled groundwater and elucidate the effects of temperature and pH disturbances on bacterial structure and nitrogen-cycling functions. The predominant phyla of candidate OD1, candidate OP3, and Proteobacteria represented more than half of the total bacteria, which clearly manifested as a “low nucleic acid content (LNA) bacteria majority” type via flow cytometric fingerprint. The results showed that LNA bacteria were more tolerant to rapid changes in temperature and pH, compared to high nucleic acid content (HNA) bacteria. A continuous temperature increase test demonstrated that the LNA bacterial group was less competitive than the HNA bacterial group in terms of maintaining their cell intactness and growth potential. In contrast, the percentage of intact LNA bacteria was maintained at nearly 70% with pH decrease, despite a 50% decrease in total intact cells. Next-generation sequencing results revealed strong resistance and growth potential of phylum Proteobacteria when the temperature increased or the pH decreased in groundwater, especially for subclasses α-, β-, and γ-Proteobacteria. In addition, relative abundance of nitrogen-related functional genes by qPCR showed no difference in nitrifiers or denitrifiers within 0.45 μm-captured and 0.45 μm-filterable bacteria due to phylogenetic diversity. One exception was the monophyletic anammox bacteria that belong to the phylum Planctomycetes, which were mostly captured on a 0.45-μm filter. Furthermore, we showed that both temperature increase and pH decrease could enhance the denitrification potential, whereas the nitrification and anammox potentials were weakened.

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Funding

This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31670498 and 31322012).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China

    Yuhao Song, Guannan Mao, Guanghai Gao & Yingying Wang

  2. College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China

    Mark Bartlam

Authors
  1. Yuhao Song
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  2. Guannan Mao
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  3. Guanghai Gao
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  4. Mark Bartlam
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  5. Yingying Wang
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Correspondence to Mark Bartlam or Yingying Wang.

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Song, Y., Mao, G., Gao, G. et al. Structural and Functional Changes of Groundwater Bacterial Community During Temperature and pH Disturbances. Microb Ecol 78, 428–445 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-019-01333-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-019-01333-7

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