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Pediatric orbital lesions: non-neoplastic extraocular soft-tissue lesions

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Abstract

Orbital pathologies can be broadly classified as ocular, extraocular soft-tissue (non-neoplastic and neoplastic), osseous, and traumatic. In this paper, we discuss the key imaging features and differential diagnoses of congenital and developmental lesions (dermoid cyst, dermolipoma), infective and inflammatory pathologies (pre-septal cellulitis, orbital cellulitis, optic neuritis, chalazion, thyroid ophthalmopathy, orbital pseudotumor), and non-neoplastic vascular anomalies (venous malformation, lymphatic malformation, carotid-cavernous fistula), emphasizing the key role of CT and MRI in the imaging work-up. In addition, we highlight the adjunctive role of ocular ultrasound in the diagnosis of dermoid cyst and chalazion, and discuss the primary role of ultrasound in the diagnosis of vascular malformations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, BC Children’s Hospital, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3N1, Canada

    Samantha K. Gerrie, Heena Rajani, Cassidy S. Frayn & Emily C. M. Hughes

  2. Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

    Samantha K. Gerrie, Heena Rajani, Cassidy S. Frayn & Emily C. M. Hughes

  3. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada

    Oscar M. Navarro & Helen M. Branson

  4. Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

    Oscar M. Navarro & Helen M. Branson

  5. Department of Ophthalmology, BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada

    Christopher J. Lyons

  6. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

    Christopher J. Lyons

  7. Department of Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster Children’s Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada

    Eman Marie

Authors
  1. Samantha K. Gerrie
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  2. Heena Rajani
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  3. Oscar M. Navarro
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  4. Christopher J. Lyons
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  5. Eman Marie
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  6. Cassidy S. Frayn
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  7. Emily C. M. Hughes
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  8. Helen M. Branson
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Contributions

Orbital series concept: Samantha Gerrie. Literature search: Heena Rajani (Parts 1 and 2), Samantha Gerrie (Parts 3 and 4). Manuscript drafts: Heena Rajani and Samantha Gerrie (Parts 1 and 2), Samantha Gerrie (Parts 3 and 4). Ophthalmology clinical input: Christopher Lyons. Cases: Samantha Gerrie, Helen Branson, Oscar Navarro, Heena Rajani, Christopher Lyons. Illustrations: Samantha Gerrie. Major manuscript restructure following first revision: Samantha Gerrie. Critical revision: Samantha Gerrie (First author Parts 1 - 4), Oscar Navarro (Senior author Parts 1 and 3), Helen Branson (Senior author Parts 2 and 4), Christopher Lyons, Eman Marie, Heena Rajani, Cassidy Frayn, Emily Hughes.

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Correspondence to Samantha K. Gerrie.

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Gerrie, S.K., Rajani, H., Navarro, O.M. et al. Pediatric orbital lesions: non-neoplastic extraocular soft-tissue lesions. Pediatr Radiol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-024-05892-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-024-05892-x

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